Salvage of Donor Graft with Decitabine and Maintenance Post Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation in Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Disease: A Case Report

Abstract

Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is the only curative treatment option for patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). High 1-year ASCT mortality and relapse rates have necessitated the development of novel therapies to improve clinical outcomes. Recently, 5-azacitidine, a DNA hypomethylating agent, was reported to be used for graft salvage in patients undergoing cytogenetic relapse after ASCT. We report a similar case of graft salvage and maintenance after transplantation in an MDS patient using decitabine, another DNA hypomethylating agent known to induce cytogenetic remissions with a manageable side effect profile.