Correlation between chemical characteristics and optical spectra of Spirulina commercially available on the Bulgarian market

K. Nikolova, T. Eftimov, Aleksandar Pashev, M. Karadjov, Christina Tzvetkova, G. Gentscheva, D. Brabant, Fouzar Samia
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Abstract

The aggregate of various chemical substances useful for the functioning of the human body are known as nutrients. Spirulina has been present in human nutrition since ancient times, but in recent years the interest in it has been particularly increased due to the emergence of numerous alternative methods of nutrition. This study aimed to compare the functional and elemental composition as well as the optical properties of commercial Spirulina products available on the Bulgarian market. For this purpose, fluorescence spectroscopy in the ultraviolet and visible range, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy were used. The basic components of the analyzed Spirulina samples are proteins (1657 and 1537 cm-1) and carbohydrates (1069 and 1054 cm-1) and no meaningful differences between the IR spectra of the samples. Concentrations of important microelements Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Mn varies with the manufacturer. The highest levels for Mg (6.69 g kg-1) were measured in samples from USA, while the Spirulina fabricated in Bulgaria exhibits the highest contents of Zn (242 mg kg-1) and Cu (25.4 mg kg-1). All samples followed the tendency Mg>Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu. Making use of a fiber optic spectrometer the fluorescence spectra of the studied samples of Spirulina platensis for an excitation wavelength of 380 nm were measured. In these spectra we observe three fluorescence maxima: at 465 nm – nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate, 640 nm chlorophyll a, and 736 nm due to similar to chlorophyll pigments. A strong positive correlation between the contents of Zn and Cu on the one side and the second fluorescence peak (λ=640 nm) for excitation wavelength at 380 nm. In contrast, a high negative correlation for Fe and the third fluorescence maximum (λ= 736nm) is observed for all excitation wavelengths. The correlation dependencies were obtained with the least squares method with a significance level of p ≤ 0.05.
保加利亚市场上可买到的螺旋藻的化学特性和光谱之间的相关性
对人体功能有用的各种化学物质的集合被称为营养物质。螺旋藻自古以来就存在于人类营养中,但近年来,由于许多替代营养方法的出现,对螺旋藻的兴趣尤其增加。本研究的目的是比较功能和元素组成,以及在保加利亚市场上提供的商业螺旋藻产品的光学性质。为此,使用了紫外和可见光范围内的荧光光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱。所分析的螺旋藻样品的基本成分为蛋白质(1657和1537 cm-1)和碳水化合物(1069和1054 cm-1),样品的红外光谱之间无显著差异。重要微量元素Mg、Fe、Cu、Zn和Mn的浓度因制造商而异。来自美国的螺旋藻样品中Mg含量最高(6.69 g kg-1),而保加利亚制造的螺旋藻样品中Zn含量最高(242 Mg kg-1), Cu含量最高(25.4 Mg kg-1)。Mg>Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu。利用光纤光谱仪测量了所研究的螺旋藻样品在激发波长为380 nm处的荧光光谱。在这些光谱中,我们观察到三个荧光最大值:在465 nm -烟酰胺二核苷酸磷酸,640 nm叶绿素a和736 nm由于类似于叶绿素色素。在激发波长为380 nm时,一侧的Zn和Cu含量与第二个荧光峰(λ=640 nm)呈正相关。相反,在所有激发波长下,铁与第三个荧光最大值(λ= 736nm)呈高度负相关。相关依赖关系采用最小二乘法计算,显著性水平p≤0.05。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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