A Study of Aromatic Woods in Seventeenth-Century India: Circulation of Aloewood and Sandalwood through Facilitating Port Cities and Trade Networks

A. Chattopadhyay
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Abstract

During the seventeenth century, various commodities carved out an economic sphere for themselves across the littoral parts of the Indian Ocean through the interconnectedness of its port cities. The present article focuses on two significant aromatic woods: aloewood and sandalwood, both plant-based materials, and locates them as “commodities” in commercial networks across the maritime space. Various port cities like Surat, Patna, Mausalipatam and Cambay, all central to the trading activities of the European companies, served as chief nodes in the grid of circulation that enabled their mobility, value addition and economic exchanges. Revisiting English factory records, Dutch East India Company documents and European travel accounts, this article explores the neglect of ephemeral objects in the material hierarchy of trading items. It also accounts for the thriving presence of these aromatic woods in the Indian Ocean maritime networks as two key materials in European trading interests and as facilitators of the early modern economy.
17世纪印度芳香木研究:通过港口城市和贸易网络促进沉香和檀香的流通
在17世纪,各种商品通过港口城市的相互联系,在印度洋沿岸地区为自己开辟了一个经济领域。本文着重于两种重要的芳香木材:芦荟和檀香,两者都是植物性材料,并将它们定位为跨海洋空间商业网络中的“商品”。各个港口城市,如苏拉特、巴特那、摩萨利帕坦和坎贝,都是欧洲公司贸易活动的中心,是流通网格中的主要节点,使他们能够流动、增值和经济交流。本文回顾了英国工厂记录、荷兰东印度公司文件和欧洲旅行记录,探讨了在贸易项目的物质层次中对短暂物品的忽视。这也解释了这些芳香木材在印度洋海上网络中的繁荣存在,它们是欧洲贸易利益的两种关键材料,也是早期现代经济的促进者。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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