Current concepts in corrosion studies for titanium dental implants

Abstract

S42 The Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society | Volume 20 | Supplement 1 | December 2020 Introduction: Orofacial cleft is a common congenital anomaly, accounting global prevalence of 0.79 to 1.3 cases in 1000 live births. Cleft can manifest alone or in combination of cleft lip or palate which can either be unilateral or bilateral. Alveolar cleft is a common finding with concomitant occurrence in 75percent of total cases, an incidence of 1.8 to 2.5 in 1000 live births. Alveolar cleft can either derange normal teeth eruption pattern or lead to tooth agenesis with maxillary lateral incisor being the most commonly affected tooth. Missing teeth in cleft region are either orthodontically camouflaged or prosthodontically rehabilitated which conventionally includes use of removable or fixed partial dentures. Both these rehabilitations can cause potential damage of adjacent structures with esthetic shortcomings. Summary: Use of dental implants in grafted cleft site is an encouraging modality helping in overcoming these obstacles. However, to undertake this treatment, it is important to know appropriate time after grafting when implant can be placed. This paper aims to determine an appropriate time gap between grafting and implant placement in alveolar cleft patients via a systematic review of literature published between January 2011 and February 2020 (Via electronic search). Conclusion: Tertiary bone grafting is frequently required despite a positive history of previous grafting procedure. Successful implant-based rehabilitation was reported irrespective of the followed method. More studies, preferably in form of control trials, with detailed descriptions in terms of data acquired and procedural difficulties are required to sensitize clinicians about probable timelines and treatment outcomes. This will help in developing a universally acceptable protocol, making future comparisons easier and comprehensive. DOI: 10.4103/0972-4052.306427 Current concepts in corrosion studies for titanium dental implants Dr. Tapan Kumar Patro S.C.B. Dental College & Hospital, Cuttack Introduction: CP titanium has been evolved as gold standard implant material at the end of twentieth century. Different designs, surface treatments, and alloying elements are still in ongoing search to obtain protection against stress corrosion crack, tribo-corrosion, and prevention against biofilm adhesion and release of titanium ions into tissue. To facilitate earlier and dynamic osseointegration and intimate mucosal contact studies are going on. In all these activities corrosion study is unevetable. Summary: By using electrochemical corrosion studies various parameters of corrosion behavior is studied in standard and extreme environmental conditions of pH, temperature, stress, and chemicals. Evaluation of standards under ASTM is mendatary before clinical recommendation for trial. ISO TC 106/SC 2 WG12, TC106/ SC8/WG1 AND2. Are lattest standardization. However, during function as a load bearing dental implant, movement of implant, unfavourable-cyclic loading, unhygieninc mouth conditions, pernicious oral habits, additional dissimilar metallic restorations or soldering and use of incompatible antiplaque agents bring about corrosion behavior to an uncontrolled level leading to treatment failure , infection, toxicity of ion release. Hence, passivation, self healing, immunization and fatigue corrosion are studied using Potentiostat, SEM, XRD, Empedance study, in different artificial saliva solutions. The suitable outcomes are implemented in treatment plan. Anisoprtopy in Additive Manufacturing, Nitridiig the surface, customizing abutments also differently influence the corrosion resistance. Conclusion: This presentation explore all the corrosion behavior studies, spreading to multiple corners to obtain long term prognosis of dental implant treatments. DOI: 10.4103/0972-4052.306428