The Correlation Between Depression and Pseudosciences (Astrology, Tarot Cards, Psychic Readings)

Abstract

Introduction: Depression prevalence is increasing worldwide, and so are Astrology, tarot cards, and psychics readings practices, as most people who seek pseudoscience practices tend to seek an answer to life issues that they suffer from, such as relationships, or financial issues for example. Aim: This study aimed to find the correlation between pseudoscience practices and depression among pseudoscience believers in Saudi Arabia. Subjects and methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted among the Saudi population who believe in pseudoscience. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed electronically using social media platforms, which adhere to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki 2013. The questionnaire was composed of socio-demographic variables, psychic-related practices, and depression questionnaires using Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Results: Of the 409 pseudoscience believers, 41.8% were aged between 26 – 35 years old with females being dominant (94.5%). The most prominent practice of reading was the Zodiac (81.3%). The prevalence of depression among pseudoscience believers was 36.3%. In univariate analysis, depression was significantly associated with the younger age group (p<0.001), less educated participants (p=0.028), being single (p<0.001), student (p=0.001), and practicing Zodiac (p=0.014). In a multivariate regression model, Zodiac practice reading was determined as the sole independent significant predictor of increased depression rates. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of depression among pseudoscience believers. Increased depression was demonstrated more frequently by younger believers who were still single, less educated, and who were currently engaged in Zodiac reading practices. More research is needed to shed more light on the effect of pseudoscience on the mental health condition of its believers. Keywords: Pseudoscience, psychic reading, depression, astrology