Types, varieties and evaluation criteria qualities of pearls

P. Baranov, O. Slyvna, S. Shevchenko
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Abstract

Purpose. To carry out a comprehensive analysis of the existing types and varieties of pearls on the world market of precious stones and to establish indicators of pearl quality assessment, which the expert service needs. The methods. The work uses general scientific and special research methods - theoretical (analysis, generalization, comparison), gemological and economic. The main part of the work is based on the analysis of literary sources, information from the Internet and practical results of previously performed research and expert evaluations. The objectivity of the methodology is ensured by a large amount of analytical work carried out on specific batches of pearls, as well as by a close natural relationship between types, species and methods of growing pearls. Findings. It is shown that pearls are precious stones of organogenic formation, which by genesis can be of natural origin, cultivated and synthetic. The credibility and reliability of the conducted research is ensured by the convergence of the results between the quality assessment criteria and the methods of growing pearls, as well as the complex of decorative properties that are established for each genetic variety. The proposed criteria for assessing the quality of pearls are aimed at obtaining objective results and, importantly, they ensure the invulnerability of the expert in his professional activity during the gemological examination. The originality. The main criteria for the quality of pearls have been established. Various variations of certain of its properties, characteristic of each specific genetic variety, became the basis for assessing the quality of pearls based on the natural relationship between methods of cultivation in different conditions (sea, river basins) and decorative properties. In the future, the proposed criteria for assessing the quality of pearls will allow to expand and improve the scientific and methodological base of the Expert Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine and other related organizations. Practical implementation. The use of the proposed criteria for assessing the quality of pearls will allow specialists to determine the variety, geography of cultivation (method and place of cultivation), quality group and cost, which is determined by procedural and legal acts in the field of forensic examination.
珍珠的种类、品种及评价标准
目的。对世界宝石市场上现有的珍珠种类和品种进行综合分析,建立专家服务所需的珍珠质量评价指标。的方法。这项工作使用一般的科学和特殊的研究方法-理论(分析,概括,比较),宝石学和经济学。工作的主要部分是基于对文献来源的分析,来自互联网的信息以及先前进行的研究和专家评估的实际结果。通过对特定批次珍珠进行大量分析工作,以及珍珠类型、品种和种植方法之间的密切自然关系,确保了方法的客观性。发现。研究表明,珍珠是一种有机成因的宝石,其成因可以是天然的、人工培育的和人工合成的。通过质量评估标准和珍珠种植方法之间的结果的一致性,以及为每个遗传品种建立的装饰特性的复杂性,确保了所进行研究的可信度和可靠性。拟议的评估珍珠质量的标准旨在获得客观的结果,重要的是,它们确保专家在宝石学检查期间的专业活动中无懈可击。的创意。珍珠质量的主要标准已经确立。其某些特性的各种变化,每个特定遗传品种的特征,成为评估珍珠质量的基础,基于不同条件下(海洋,河流流域)种植方法与装饰特性之间的自然关系。未来,拟议的珍珠质量评估标准将扩大和改进乌克兰内务部专家服务和其他相关组织的科学和方法基础。实际的实现。使用拟议的珍珠质量评估标准将使专家能够确定品种、种植地理(种植方法和地点)、质量组和成本,这些都是由法医检查领域的程序和法律行为决定的。
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