The Need to Prioritize Prevention of Viral Spillover in the Anthropopandemicene: A Message to Global Health Researchers and Policymakers

Challenges Pub Date : 2022-08-03 DOI:10.3390/challe13020035
Y. Tajudeen, H. Oladipo, Rashidat Onyinoyi Yusuf, I. Oladunjoye, A. Adebayo, Abdulhakeem Funsho Ahmed, M. El-Sherbini
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引用次数: 4

Abstract

Increased anthropogenic activities including changes in land use and unrelenting ecosystem services related to animal husbandry, wildlife trade, and deforestation are driving the emergence of viral zoonosis. This is primarily due to human–animal interaction which is facilitating the spillover of viral zoonotic pathogens from animals (domestic and wildlife) to humans that could result in epidemics or pandemics. Scientific reports so far have revealed that viral epidemics and pandemics in recent years such as H1N1 Swine Influenza, H5N1 Avian Influenza, Ebola, Zika, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), and the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 were all zoonotic, and their emergence has been linked with spillover events arising from human–animal interaction. This increased interaction and the increased spillover event could facilitate future pandemic risk, and the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, “IPBES”, has declared this “the era of pandemics”. Furthermore, since future pandemics would be triggered by anthropogenic activities, we have called this “anthropopandemicene”, i.e., an era of pandemics driven by anthropogenic activities. To minimize the risk of future pandemics, it is important to prioritize the prevention of viral spillover events. Here, we outline five priority areas for global health researchers and policymakers. These areas include improvement of biosecurity at livestock farms, imposing a moratorium or strictly banning wildlife trade that poses a public health risk, conservation of biodiversity by halting deforestation, investing in community-based research for infectious disease control, and strengthening community healthcare systems in precarious ecosystems and infectious diseases hotspots. Finally, we acknowledge the efforts of other renowned global and legally binding frameworks such as IHR, the Paris Agreement, and CITES with regard to addressing the public health risk of infectious diseases, and we provide recommendations for their improvement.
需要优先预防人类流行病中的病毒溢出:给全球卫生研究人员和政策制定者的信息
人为活动的增加,包括土地利用的变化以及与畜牧业、野生动物贸易和森林砍伐有关的无情的生态系统服务,正在推动病毒性人畜共患病的出现。这主要是由于人与动物的相互作用,促进了病毒性人畜共患病原体从动物(家畜和野生动物)向人类的溢出,从而可能导致流行病或大流行。迄今为止的科学报告表明,近年来的病毒流行和大流行,如H1N1猪流感、H5N1禽流感、埃博拉病毒、寨卡病毒、严重急性呼吸系统综合症(SARS)和正在进行的SARS- cov -2,都是人畜共患的,它们的出现与人与动物相互作用产生的溢出事件有关。这种相互作用的增加和溢出事件的增加可能增加未来大流行的风险,生物多样性和生态系统服务政府间科学政策平台(" IPBES ")已宣布这是"大流行的时代"。此外,由于未来的大流行病将由人为活动引发,我们称之为"人类大流行病纪",即由人为活动驱动的大流行病时代。为了尽量减少未来大流行的风险,必须优先考虑预防病毒溢出事件。在这里,我们概述了全球卫生研究人员和政策制定者的五个优先领域。这些领域包括改善牲畜养殖场的生物安全,暂停或严格禁止构成公共卫生风险的野生动物贸易,通过停止砍伐森林来保护生物多样性,投资于以社区为基础的传染病控制研究,以及在不稳定的生态系统和传染病热点地区加强社区卫生保健系统。最后,我们承认其他著名的具有法律约束力的全球框架,如《国际卫生条例》、《巴黎协定》和《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》在应对传染病的公共卫生风险方面所作的努力,并提出改进这些框架的建议。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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