Marxist Anthropology Through the Lens of the Philosophy of Language

IF 1.7 2区社会学 Q1 AREA STUDIES

Critical Asian Studies Pub Date : 2023-09-07 DOI:10.4312/as.2023.11.3.251-273

Xiaobo Yang

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Abstract

Marxist anthropology, as a kind of philosophical anthropology and an integral part of Marxist philosophy, seeks to find an answer to the question of its primary concern—what is humanity or human nature? From the Marxist perspective, human beings are distinguished from animals by making and using tools, and the creation of tools is closely related to the birth of language and consciousness. In this context, Marxist anthropology tries to trace the origin of humankind through tracing that of tools, language and consciousness. Consequently, it is endowed with a dimension of the philosophy of language. In his article “The Part Played by Labour in the Transition from Ape to Man”, Engels proposed a hypothesis on the origins of humankind and human language, which constructed the framework of Marxist anthropology. This framework was subsequently adopted and developed by Li Zehou and Tran Duc Thao, renowned philosophers in contemporary China and Vietnam, in establishing their own philosophical systems. This article, through illuminating and comparing Engels, Li Zehou and Tran Duc Thao’s hypotheses on the origins of humankind and human language, aims to shed new light on Marxist anthropology through the lens of the philosophy of language. I believe that this exploration will profoundly inspire the Marxist philosophy of language, an emerging trend in the field of the philosophy of language.

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语言哲学视角下的马克思主义人类学

马克思主义人类学作为哲学人类学的一种，是马克思主义哲学的重要组成部分，其首要关注的问题是:什么是人性，什么是人性?从马克思主义的观点来看，人类之所以区别于动物，是因为人类制造和使用工具，而工具的创造与语言和意识的诞生有着密切的关系。在此背景下，马克思主义人类学试图通过追踪工具、语言和意识的起源来追踪人类的起源。因此，它被赋予了语言哲学的维度。恩格斯在《劳动在从猿到人的转变中的作用》一文中，提出了关于人类和人类语言起源的假设，构建了马克思主义人类学的框架。这一框架随后被当代中国和越南的著名哲学家李泽厚和陈德韬采用和发展，建立了他们自己的哲学体系。本文通过对恩格斯、李泽厚和陈德韬关于人类起源和人类语言的假设的阐释和比较，旨在从语言哲学的角度对马克思主义人类学进行新的阐释。我相信，这一探索将深刻地启发马克思主义语言哲学这一语言哲学领域的新兴趋势。

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来源期刊

Critical Asian Studies AREA STUDIES-

CiteScore

3.20

自引率

3.80%

发文量

期刊介绍： Critical Asian Studies is a peer-reviewed quarterly journal that welcomes unsolicited essays, reviews, translations, interviews, photo essays, and letters about Asia and the Pacific, particularly those that challenge the accepted formulas for understanding the Asia and Pacific regions, the world, and ourselves. Published now by Routledge Journals, part of the Taylor & Francis Group, Critical Asian Studies remains true to the mission that was articulated for the journal in 1967 by the Committee of Concerned Asian Scholars.