Effects of plants diversity on soil bacteria load in a tropical moist forest of Otuoke, Nigeria

Okpo Esio Unanonwi, Michael Adeoye Odebunmi
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Abstract

Most attempts towards forest management are directed towards management of forest resources which does not embrace other players. Key players in forest ecosystem are bacteria and fungi. Relationships between forests stand density and diversity with soil microbial population is an area of research that could aid in forest ecosystem management, this study was undertaken to provide the needed information. Three locations A, B, C of plot size 100 m x 100 m were purposefully selected. Site A and B were selected based on species richness and heterogeneity, while C was based on dominance and homogeneity. These were further divided into 25 m x 25 m subplots, and finally divided into 2 m x 2 m sample plots for investigation. Three of these were randomly selected from each site for identification and listing. Soil samples were collected across sites, inoculated, cultured and analyzed in the laboratory to estimate microbial population and identify microbial genera's. Species diversity were calculated using Shannon (H'), Simpson (D) and Sorensen's Coefficient (CC) indices. Bacteria and their colony forming units were calculated for sites. Results shows mean values of plant species diversity and mean values of bacteria counts were significantly (p < 0.05) different across the locations. Location A has a mean value 4.781 +/- 0.00 for Simpson Index, with mean bacteria load of 2.11 +/- 0.012 and 1.5115 +/- 0.00 for Shannon Index with very high level of diversity. Location B has moderate level of diversity with mean index of 3.675 +/- 0.00 for Simpson, and 1.375 +/- 0.00 for Shannon Indices, with mean bacteria load 2.40 +/- 0.21. Similarity content for locations A and B was 0.444. Plants diversity and bacteria load were positively significantly (p < 0.05) correlated with r2 of 76%. Increasing plants diversity will increase soil bacteria load. This would aid decisions making in forest conservation and ecosystem management.
尼日利亚奥图奥克热带潮湿森林植物多样性对土壤细菌负荷的影响
大多数对森林管理的尝试都是针对森林资源的管理,而不包括其他参与者。森林生态系统的关键参与者是细菌和真菌。林分密度和多样性与土壤微生物种群之间的关系是一个有助于森林生态系统管理的研究领域,进行这项研究是为了提供所需的信息。有目的地选择了A、B、C三个地点,地块大小为100米× 100米。根据物种丰富度和异质性选择A、B站点,根据优势度和均匀性选择C站点。进一步划分为25 m × 25 m的样地,最后划分为2 m × 2 m的样地进行调查。从每个站点随机抽取3个进行鉴定和列出。在不同地点收集土壤样本,接种、培养并在实验室进行分析,以估计微生物种群并确定微生物属。采用Shannon (H’)、Simpson (D)和Sorensen’s Coefficient (CC)指数计算物种多样性。计算细菌及其菌落形成单位。结果表明,不同地点植物物种多样性平均值和细菌数量平均值差异显著(p < 0.05)。A地Simpson指数平均值为4.781 +/- 0.00,Shannon指数平均值为2.11 +/- 0.012和1.5115 +/- 0.00,多样性水平非常高。B地多样性中等,Simpson指数平均值为3.675 +/- 0.00,Shannon指数平均值为1.375 +/- 0.00,平均细菌载量为2.40 +/- 0.21。地点A和地点B的相似度为0.444。植物多样性与细菌负荷量呈显著正相关(p < 0.05, r2为76%)。增加植物多样性将增加土壤细菌负荷。这将有助于森林保护和生态系统管理方面的决策。
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