臺灣產漏斗稜孔菌(Polyporus arcularius)性別行為和生活史之研究

Abstract

A mycological research including slide culture, HCL-Giemsa staining and paraffin sectioning has been employed for observation of nuclear and the sexual behavior throughout the life cycle of Polyporus arcularius Batsch:Fries. Total of 17 monosporous isolates from single fruit-body were mated in all probability, and its sexuality proved to be tetrapolar. One A-factor’s mutant has been detected which could be due to the chromosomal crossing over between alleles of A factor or mutation of genes. It presumed that it was interpolarity. The basidiospores contained only one nucleus. After germination, they became multinucleate mycelium, septated and formed monokaryotic mycelia. When 2 monokaryotic mycelia were mated, it appeared ”—”, ”(+)”, and ”+” types. Only dikaryotic type could give rise to fruit-bodies. The hyphal system of the fruit-bodies was dimitic, i.e. generative and skeletal hyphae. The inner surface of the pores, basidia were packed together to form hymenium. Proceedingly nuclear fusion may occur in the basidium, and the fusion nucleus underwent meiosis to form four haploid nuclei, then each one pass into the developing basidiospore throughout each sterigma. The life cycle was also described and illustrated. The optimum temperature and pH value for spore germination of P. arcularius were 35℃ and pH7.O, respectively. The optimum temperature for the growth of mycelium was 35℃.