The Contrasting Effects between Caffeine and Theobromine on Crystallization: How the Non-fluoride Dentifrice Was Developed

T. Nakamoto, Alexander U. Falster, William B. Simmons Jr
{"title":"The Contrasting Effects between Caffeine and Theobromine on Crystallization: How the Non-fluoride Dentifrice Was Developed","authors":"T. Nakamoto, Alexander U. Falster, William B. Simmons Jr","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.101116","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Caffeine and theobromine are members of the xanthine family. Coffee and soft drinks contain caffeine, whereas, in cacao, theobromine is the main ingredient. The mineral contents of the tooth which sucked the caffeine-containing dam’s milk were decreased. To determine if caffeine would affect enamel, dams were fed with a caffeine and pups were killed and first and second molars were extracted. Enamel was exposed to the acid solution and dissolved minerals from the enamel were measured. Calcium, phosphorus and magnesium from the first molars of the caffeine group were significantly dissolved. To determine why minerals were released, enamel was separated. The crystallite size of the enamel from the caffeine group showed decreased. If the pups with the same dietary regimen, but given a cariogenic diet, the caffeine group should show a higher incidence of dental caries. The caffeine group revealed higher caries scores. An in vitro experiment to grow apatite crystals was conducted, adding the various members of the xanthine. Theobromine produced larger crystal sizes than caffeine. Theobromine was added to the maternal diet. Dissolution experiments revealed that these minerals were far less dissolved. Comparative studies of the various parameters between theobromine and fluoride were conducted. Theobromine was superior to fluoride in every aspect.","PeriodicalId":19603,"journal":{"name":"Oral Health Care [Working Title]","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2021-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Oral Health Care [Working Title]","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101116","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Caffeine and theobromine are members of the xanthine family. Coffee and soft drinks contain caffeine, whereas, in cacao, theobromine is the main ingredient. The mineral contents of the tooth which sucked the caffeine-containing dam’s milk were decreased. To determine if caffeine would affect enamel, dams were fed with a caffeine and pups were killed and first and second molars were extracted. Enamel was exposed to the acid solution and dissolved minerals from the enamel were measured. Calcium, phosphorus and magnesium from the first molars of the caffeine group were significantly dissolved. To determine why minerals were released, enamel was separated. The crystallite size of the enamel from the caffeine group showed decreased. If the pups with the same dietary regimen, but given a cariogenic diet, the caffeine group should show a higher incidence of dental caries. The caffeine group revealed higher caries scores. An in vitro experiment to grow apatite crystals was conducted, adding the various members of the xanthine. Theobromine produced larger crystal sizes than caffeine. Theobromine was added to the maternal diet. Dissolution experiments revealed that these minerals were far less dissolved. Comparative studies of the various parameters between theobromine and fluoride were conducted. Theobromine was superior to fluoride in every aspect.
咖啡因与可可碱对结晶作用的对比:无氟牙膏的研制
咖啡因和可可碱是黄嘌呤家族的成员。咖啡和软饮料含有咖啡因,而可可的主要成分是可可碱。吮吸含咖啡因的奶的牙齿中的矿物质含量减少了。为了确定咖啡因是否会影响牙釉质,研究人员用咖啡因喂养幼崽,杀死它们,拔掉第一颗和第二颗臼齿。将牙釉质暴露在酸溶液中,并测量牙釉质中溶解的矿物质。咖啡因组第一磨牙中的钙、磷和镁明显溶解。为了确定矿物质被释放的原因,牙釉质被分离。咖啡因组的牙釉质晶状体大小减小。如果幼犬的饮食习惯相同,但给予了致龋齿的饮食,咖啡因组应该显示出更高的龋齿发生率。咖啡因组显示出更高的龋齿得分。在体外培养磷灰石晶体的实验中,加入了黄嘌呤的各种成员。可可碱比咖啡因产生更大的晶体尺寸。可可碱被添加到母亲的饮食中。溶解实验表明,这些矿物的溶解性要小得多。对可可碱和氟化物的各项参数进行了比较研究。可可碱在各方面均优于氟。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信