Optimization variations of valley-river landscape-technical systems of the Right Bank zone of Ukraine

Abstract

The aim of the research was to develop areas for optimization of valley-river landscape-technical systems (LTchS) on the example of the model region – the Right Bank of Ukraine. The research was based on the materials of the long-term field observations which were carried out in the context of the studies of F.M. Milkov about anthropogenic landscapes. The use of expeditionary and stationary research techniques made it possible to receive the required material for the development of the optimization options of valley-river landscape-technical systems. Six options/practices for the optimization of valley-river LTchS on the example of the Right Bank zone of Ukraine are suggested. Option A does not envisage a control regain over landscape-technogenic systems (LTS); it can be used locally. Option B1 is directed towards a partial restoration of the previous func- tions of the system and an episodic/occasional control over a technical block of LTS. Option B2 implies a total change of the economic purpose of LTchS with the aim of recreation. Option B3 consists in making a nature reserve of some landscape technogenic systems,in perspective the range/habitat of unique species of flora and fauna can be saved or restored on these territories. The restoration of a landscape-techno-genic system to the «operation» stage with previous functions is achieved when option C1 is used. Option C2 requires substantial capital investments, as it implies the creation of an absolutely new landscape-engineering system. For this option, projects have been developed to restore sections in the valleys of the Sob River (Gaisyn city, Vinnytsia region) and the Hirskyi Tikych River (Buky town, Cherkasy region). A layout of the optimized valley-river LTchS on the territory of the Right Bank of Ukraine was suggest- ed. The conclusion has been made that the use of one of the suggested options will not help improve the condition of all valley-river landscape-technogenic systems of the model region. Each river valley requires an individual approach in which the combination of all the above-mentioned directions will be used. The valley-river landscapes optimized with help of the presented scheme will form the image of nature of a present-day European state which will favour the establishment of the concept of well-balanced development.