Pulsed electric discharges in water: Results and prospects

P. Rutberg, V. L. Gorjachev, V. Kolikov, V. Snetov, A. Stogov
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Abstract

For last two decades at IEE RAS the investigations of pulsed electric discharges (PED) in water and study of physical, chemical and biological properties of oxide nanoparticles water dispersions produced at electrodischarge treatment of water were carried out. Parameters of PED were next: duration 0.2-27 mus; current 30-1200 A, and current rate 106-109 A/s. As temperature of the discharge channel is ~104 K, it is source of UV irradiation. At absorption of UV irradiation H2O2, OH radicals, O, O3 and other substances are formed. All factors above destroy a lot of microorganisms and spores of pathogen microscopic fungi. It was determined that the prolonged microbic resistance of water (PMRW) treated by PED is caused by oxide nanoparticles and toxic ions of electrodes metal. It was shown also that the essential role in this phenomenon plays the surface electric charge of nanoparticles. Relations between: bactericidal action of water and mass concentration of nanoparticles in dependence on metal of electrodes; properties of nanoparticles as a function of electric discharges parameters and other initial parameters had been established. In the future it is supposed to execute investigations of nanoparticles water dispersions interaction with various biological objects including tumoral tissues.
水中脉冲放电:结果与展望
近二十年来,在IEE RAS开展了水中脉冲放电(PED)的研究和水放电处理产生的氧化纳米粒子水分散体的物理、化学和生物特性的研究。PED参数如下:持续时间0.2 ~ 27 μ s;电流30 ~ 1200 A,电流速率106 ~ 109 A/s。放电通道温度为~104 K,为紫外辐射源。紫外辐射吸收时形成H2O2、OH自由基、O、O3等物质。以上因素破坏了大量的微生物和病原微真菌孢子。结果表明,氧化纳米粒子和电极金属的有毒离子是导致PED处理水的耐微生物性延长的主要原因。研究还表明,纳米粒子的表面电荷在这一现象中起着重要作用。水的杀菌作用与纳米粒子质量浓度的关系与电极金属的依赖关系;建立了纳米粒子的放电特性与其他初始参数的函数关系。在未来,应该进行纳米粒子水分散体与包括肿瘤组织在内的各种生物物体相互作用的研究。
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