Creation of nanostructures via self-assembly at room temperature, cluster structures and dynamics, and bio-nano fusion technology

Abstract

I show nanotechnology operated at room temperature focusing on the following three points; (a) Creation of nanostructures utilising near-critical fluids: The gas-liquid coexistence curves terminate at the critical point. As fluids approach their critical points, large molecular clusters are formed and as a result, the physical properties such as the specific heat and compressibility diverge. A variety of nanostructures are formed via self-assembly near the critical points. I show carbon onions, coils, fibres and other interesting structures created in near-critical carbon dioxide, ethane, xenon, benzene and their mixtures. (b) Structures and dynamics of clusters composed of magnetic particles: Various structures are formed by magnetic particles via anisotropic dipole-dipole interactions. The cluster structures and dynamics can be actively controlled by external magnetic fields such as dc, ac and rotational ones. I show self-organised structures and dynamics of clusters composed of ferromagnetic and superparamagnetic particles. (c) Application of cluster dynamics to the development of bio-medical devices: Biomolecules and cells can be labelled by magnetic particles and CNTs and therefore can be manipulated and sorted quite easily by applying external magnetic fields. Biomolecules and cells can also be manipulated utilising the magnetic hole effect, in which case labelling is not necessary. I explain a new nano/micro technology for a quick detection of diseases and allergies utilising the interactions between magnetic particles/CNTs and biomolecules/cells in external magnetic fields.