Harm as Negative Prudential Value: A Non-Comparative Account of Harm

Abstract

: In recent attempts to define “ harm, ” comparative accounts of harm, specifically counterfactual comparative accounts, have been touted as the most promising approaches to defining the concept. Nevertheless, such accounts face serious difficulties. This has led to the call for the concept to simply be dropped from the moral lexicon altogether. I reject this call, arguing that non-comparative approaches to de fi ning harm have not been suf fi ciently explored. I develop such an account and claim that it avoids the dif fi culties faced by comparative accounts while not presupposing a substantive theory of well-being, which is taken as a key failing of non-comparative accounts. I conclude that this de fi nition renders a concept of harm that can be meaningfully employed in our moral discourse.