An econometric model for intraday electricity trading

Abstract

This paper develops an econometric price model with fundamental impacts for intraday electricity markets of 15-min contracts. A unique dataset of intradaily updated forecasts of renewable power generation is analysed. We use a threshold regression model to examine how 15-min intraday trading depends on the slope of the merit order curve. Our estimation results reveal strong evidence of mean reversion in the price formation mechanism of 15-min contracts. Additionally, prices of neighbouring contracts exhibit strong explanatory power and a positive impact on prices of a given contract. We observe an asymmetric effect of renewable forecast changes on intraday prices depending on the merit-order-curve slope. In general, renewable forecasts have a higher explanatory power at noon than in the morning and evening, but price information is the main driver of 15-min intraday trading. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The mathematics of energy systems’.