Leishmania major cause of a cutaneous leishmaniasis in a car driver from east Azerbaijan province: A case report

Abstract

Background: Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease and its the known as a health problem in all of the world. Case presentation: The patient, a 47-year-old man car driver from city of Bostan abad, with a history of traveling to cutaneous leishmaniasis endemic provinces last year, was referred to city health center with a 17 mm, no discharge and pus with necrotic appearance skin lesion. Biochemical, hematological parameters and urine culture and analysis were normal. Three smears was prepared with sterile vaccinostyle from the margins of wound and transferred to specific medium in sterile conditions. After staining the prepared smears from the wound, amastigotes with large nucleus and small kinetoplast in macrophages and active promastigotes in the liquid phase of medium were observed. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed using ITS-1 by specific primers. In the PCR product electrophoresis were compared with the marker bands and 350 bp band weight determined. With electrophoretic pattern and comparison with positive control band, isolates parasites belonged to Leishmania genus. In order to definitively diagnose the parasite species, sequencing method was used. The results showed 99% homology with Leishmania major. Finally, the patient with a diagnosis of rural cutaneous leishmaniasis was induction with Glucantime drug. Conclusion: Diagnosis of suspected cases with cutaneous leishmaniasis is the major importance. If an infected patient is diagnosed in the early stages of the disease, can be prevented the extent of the scar after recovery, as well as the possible complications of rural infection.