Unpacking Genetic Risk Pathways for College Student Alcohol Consumption: The Mediating Role of Impulsivity.

IF 3.2 2区物理与天体物理 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physical Review B Pub Date : 2019-10-01 Epub Date: 2019-08-26 DOI:10.1111/acer.14157

Albert J Ksinan, Jinni Su, Fazil Aliev, Danielle M Dick

{"title":"Unpacking Genetic Risk Pathways for College Student Alcohol Consumption: The Mediating Role of Impulsivity.","authors":"Albert J Ksinan, Jinni Su, Fazil Aliev, Danielle M Dick","doi":"10.1111/acer.14157","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Background: The period of college represents a particularly risky developmental stage with regard to alcohol use, as college students engage in more risky drinking behaviors than their noncollege peers, and such problematic alcohol use is associated with far-reaching negative consequences. Existing findings from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) indicate that alcohol consumption has a complex polygenic etiology. Currently, there is a lack of studies examining genetic risk for alcohol consumption using polygenic risk scores (PRS) in college samples. In this study, we examined whether alcohol-specific and risky behavior-related PRS were longitudinally associated with alcohol consumption among college students and whether this effect might be partially mediated by impulsivity domains.Methods: The sample included n = 2,385 European ancestry (EA) and n = 1,153 African ancestry (AA) college students assessed over the course of 4 years. To indicate genetic risk, 2 PRS were created based on recent large-scale GWAS: alcohol consumption (Liu et al., 2019) -drinks per week (DPW)-PRS and risky behaviors (Linnér et al., 2019) -RISK-PRS. The main outcome was alcohol consumption, measured across 4 waves of follow-up data. The UPPS-P impulsivity subscales were examined as mediators of the genetic effect on alcohol consumption.Results: The results from structural equation modeling showed that among EA students, both DPW-PRS and RISK-PRS had significant positive effects on alcohol consumption above and beyond UPPS dimensions and control variables. RISK-PRS explained larger portion of variance in alcohol consumption than DPW-PRS. RISK-PRS showed a significant indirect effect on alcohol consumption through sensation seeking and lack of perseverance; no significant indirect effect of DPW-PRS was found. No significant association of either PRS or alcohol consumption was found for AA participants.Conclusions: The current results found that PRS related to more broadly defined risky behaviors predicted alcohol consumption across college years and that this association was partially mediated via dimensions of impulsivity.","PeriodicalId":48701,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review B","volume":"61 1","pages":"2100-2110"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2000,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6779491/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Physical Review B","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.14157","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2019/8/26 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: The period of college represents a particularly risky developmental stage with regard to alcohol use, as college students engage in more risky drinking behaviors than their noncollege peers, and such problematic alcohol use is associated with far-reaching negative consequences. Existing findings from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) indicate that alcohol consumption has a complex polygenic etiology. Currently, there is a lack of studies examining genetic risk for alcohol consumption using polygenic risk scores (PRS) in college samples. In this study, we examined whether alcohol-specific and risky behavior-related PRS were longitudinally associated with alcohol consumption among college students and whether this effect might be partially mediated by impulsivity domains.

Methods: The sample included n = 2,385 European ancestry (EA) and n = 1,153 African ancestry (AA) college students assessed over the course of 4 years. To indicate genetic risk, 2 PRS were created based on recent large-scale GWAS: alcohol consumption (Liu et al., 2019) -drinks per week (DPW)-PRS and risky behaviors (Linnér et al., 2019) -RISK-PRS. The main outcome was alcohol consumption, measured across 4 waves of follow-up data. The UPPS-P impulsivity subscales were examined as mediators of the genetic effect on alcohol consumption.

Results: The results from structural equation modeling showed that among EA students, both DPW-PRS and RISK-PRS had significant positive effects on alcohol consumption above and beyond UPPS dimensions and control variables. RISK-PRS explained larger portion of variance in alcohol consumption than DPW-PRS. RISK-PRS showed a significant indirect effect on alcohol consumption through sensation seeking and lack of perseverance; no significant indirect effect of DPW-PRS was found. No significant association of either PRS or alcohol consumption was found for AA participants.

Conclusions: The current results found that PRS related to more broadly defined risky behaviors predicted alcohol consumption across college years and that this association was partially mediated via dimensions of impulsivity.

查看原文本刊更多论文

解读大学生酒精消费的遗传风险途径：冲动的中介作用。

背景：与非大学生的同龄人相比，大学生有更多的危险饮酒行为，而这种有问题的饮酒行为会带来深远的负面影响。现有的全基因组关联研究（GWAS）结果表明，酒精消费具有复杂的多基因病因。目前，还缺乏在大学生样本中使用多基因风险评分（PRS）来检测饮酒遗传风险的研究。在这项研究中，我们考察了酒精特异性和危险行为相关的 PRS 是否与大学生的酒精消费纵向相关，以及这种影响是否可能部分由冲动性领域介导：样本包括 n = 2,385 名欧洲血统 (EA) 和 n = 1,153 名非洲血统 (AA) 的大学生，评估历时 4 年。为了显示遗传风险，根据最近的大规模基因组研究创建了2个PRS：酒精消耗量（Liu等人，2019年）-每周饮酒量（DPW）-PRS和危险行为（Linnér等人，2019年）-RISK-PRS。主要结果是酒精消耗量，通过4波随访数据进行测量。UPPS-P冲动性子量表被视为酒精消费遗传效应的中介：结构方程模型的结果显示，在 EA 学生中，DPW-PRS 和 RISK-PRS 对酒精消费都有显著的正向影响，超过了 UPPS 维度和控制变量。与DPW-PRS相比，RISK-PRS能解释更多的酒精消费变异。RISK-PRS通过寻求感觉和缺乏毅力对酒精消费产生了显著的间接影响；而DPW-PRS则没有发现显著的间接影响。AA 参与者的 PRS 与饮酒量均无明显关联：目前的研究结果发现，与更广泛定义的危险行为相关的 PRS 可预测大学期间的酒精消费，而且这种关联部分是通过冲动性维度中介的。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Physical Review B PHYSICS, CONDENSED MATTER-

CiteScore

6.30

自引率

32.40%

发文量

4177

期刊介绍： Physical Review B (PRB) is the world’s largest dedicated physics journal, publishing approximately 100 new, high-quality papers each week. The most highly cited journal in condensed matter physics, PRB provides outstanding depth and breadth of coverage, combined with unrivaled context and background for ongoing research by scientists worldwide. PRB covers the full range of condensed matter, materials physics, and related subfields, including: -Structure and phase transitions -Ferroelectrics and multiferroics -Disordered systems and alloys -Magnetism -Superconductivity -Electronic structure, photonics, and metamaterials -Semiconductors and mesoscopic systems -Surfaces, nanoscience, and two-dimensional materials -Topological states of matter