Determinants of willingness to uptake prostate cancer screening amongst Men in Ile-Ife, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Prostate cancer is a major health problem amongst middle-aged and elderly men globally. Screening can significantly reduce morbidity and mortality from prostate cancer, but this is hardly done amongst men in developing countries. This study assessed the factors associated with prostate cancer screening amongst men over 40 years in the Ife central local government area. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted amongst 261 men that were selected by multistage sampling technique. Data were collected using a pretested self-administered questionnaire and analysed using IBM SPSS Version 21. The Chi-square test was used for the association, while logistic regression was used to determine the predictors. A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age of respondents was 45 ± 3.1 years. About 34.4% had a good knowledge of prostate cancer, while more than two-thirds of the respondents (67.2%) had ever heard of prostate cancer screening. Only 10.7% of the respondents had ever been screened for prostate cancer. Majority of the respondents (73.4%) were willing to be screened for prostate cancer. Determinants of willingness to be screened for prostate cancer were older age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.09–5.46, P = 0.001), being married (AOR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.57–3.84, P = 0.034), formal level of education (AOR = 4.36, 95% CI = 2.67–6.87, P = 0.014) and good knowledge of prostate cancer (AOR = 3.45, 95% CI = 2.76–7.85, P = 0.001). Conclusion: There is an urgent need to intensify health education on knowledge of prostate cancer and its screening amongst Nigerian men to enhance prostate cancer screening uptake amongst them.