Caveolae and human disease: functional roles in transcytosis, potocytosis, signalling and cell polarity

Michael P. Lisanti , Philipp E. Scherer , ZhaoLan Tang , Eric Kübler , Anthony J. Koleske , Massimo Sargiacomo
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引用次数: 36

Abstract

Caveolae are 50–100 nm invaginations that represent a sub-compartment of the plasma membrane. Recent studies have implicated these membranous structures in: (1) transcytosis of macromolecules (such as LDL and AGEs) across capillary endothelial cells; (2) potocytic uptake of small molecules via GPI-linked receptors coupled with an unknown anion transport protein; (3) certain transmembrane signalling events; and (4) polarized trafficking of GPI-linked proteins in epithelial cells. Biochemical isolation and characterization of these domains reveals the molecular components that could perform these diverse functions: scavenger receptors for oxidized LDL and AGEs, namely CD 36 and RAGE, respectively (transcytosis); plasma membrane porin (potocytosis); heterotrimeric G-proteins and Src-like kinases (signalling); and Rap GTPases (cell polarity). As such, these findings have clear implications for understanding the molecular pathogenesis of several human diseases — including atherosclerosis, diabetic vascular complications, and cancerous cell transformations.

小囊泡与人类疾病:胞吞、胞吞、信号传导和细胞极性的功能作用
小泡是50-100纳米的内陷,代表了质膜的一个亚室。最近的研究表明,这些膜结构涉及:(1)毛细血管内皮细胞的大分子(如LDL和AGEs)胞吞作用;(2)细胞通过gpi连接受体结合未知阴离子转运蛋白摄取小分子;(3)某些跨膜信号事件;(4)上皮细胞中gpi连接蛋白的极化运输。这些结构域的生化分离和表征揭示了能够执行这些不同功能的分子成分:氧化LDL和AGEs的清除受体,分别是cd36和RAGE(胞吞作用);质膜孔蛋白;异三聚体g蛋白和src样激酶(信号传导);和Rap GTPases(细胞极性)。因此,这些发现对于理解几种人类疾病的分子发病机制具有明确的意义,包括动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病血管并发症和癌细胞转化。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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