Effects of Planting Density and Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate on Yield and Yield Related Traits of Maize ( Zea mays L.) in Northwestern, Ethiopia

Abstract

In Ethiopia, different N-levels and planting densities were recommended based on the environmental conditions for maize production. However, the optimum nitrogen (N) requirements and planting density have not been yet well determined in the study area. A field experiment was conducted to determine N rate and planting density on maize yield in South Achefer district during 2014 cropping season at 3 locations. Three planting densities and four N levels were tested in randomized complete block design in the factorial arrangement with three replications. There were significant differences (P<0.05) among panting densities. Plant height, ear height, and leaf area index were significantly increased with increasing planting density from 44444 to 88888 plants ha-1. However, the cob diameters, cob length, numbers of kernels per cob were decreased with increasing plating density. The grain yield was increased by 65.16% on 88888 plants ha-1 with 161 kg N ha-1 as compared to 44444 plants ha-1 with 92 kg N ha-1 and it was the best economically (39746.9 birrrs) profitable treatment combination. Thus, it can be concluded that application of 88888 plants ha-1 with 161 kg N ha-1 was found to be superior both agronomical and economically for maize production in the study area.