The nitric oxide pathway and oxidative stress in heart failure.

Abstract

Chronic heart failure is associated with pathophysiologic alterations in myocardial and vascular function. Accompanying these changes are increased oxidative stress and modulation of the nitric oxide pathway. The role of the nitric oxide(.) pathway in heart failure and the effect of its interaction with reactive oxygen species are complex, with diverse pathophysiologic implications in both the heart and the peripheral vasculature. This review discusses current information regarding the nitric oxide(.) pathway in heart failure and its relationship with increased oxidative stress.