COVID-19 and sex differences: role of estrogen

I. Dovzhikova, I. Andrievskaya, K. S. Lyazgiyan
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Abstract

Introduction. Sex differences in the course and outcomes of the disease were found during the COVID- 19 pandemic.Aim. To summarize the knowledge about the mechanisms underlying sex differences in COVID-19, with a focus on the role of estrogen.Materials and methods. We conducted a study using various databases until September 2022 for the keywords “estrogen” and “COVID-19”. All articles were published in English.Results. The review discusses the involvement of estrogen in the implementation of the immune response in viral infection. Individual paragraphs of the article are devoted to the effect of female sex hormones on coagulation, inflammation, and the renin-angiotensin system.Conclusion. At the end of the paper, it is concluded that there is great potential for future work deciphering hormonal effects on human physiology to explain the heterogeneity in pathogenic responses and may facilitate the development of more effective and personalized interventions.
COVID-19与性别差异:雌激素的作用
介绍。在COVID- 19大流行期间,发现了疾病过程和结果的性别差异。总结COVID-19性别差异的机制,重点关注雌激素的作用。材料和方法。截至2022年9月,我们利用各种数据库对“雌激素”和“COVID-19”这两个关键词进行了研究。所有文章均以英文发表。本文就雌激素在病毒感染免疫应答中的作用进行综述。文章的个别段落致力于女性性激素对凝血、炎症和肾素-血管紧张素系统的影响。在本文的最后,我们得出结论,未来的工作有很大的潜力来破译激素对人体生理的影响,以解释致病反应的异质性,并可能促进开发更有效和个性化的干预措施。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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