Sensitivity Analysis of the Influence of Fracturing Spacing in the Construction of Complex Fractures Network for Exploration and Production of Shale Gas/Shale Oil

Fern, O. B. Fern, es, W. Campos, A. Braga, Celeste Siqueira
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Shales reservoirs have a high degree of anisotropy due to the presence of natural fractures (NFs) and also the orientation of beddings. Thus, hydraulically induced fractures (HFs) interact with natural fractures and generate a network of fractures with complex geometry. The existence of NFs modifies the stress field in the shale and directly influences the geomechanical behaviour of the HFs during the fracturing operation, generating branches in the dominant fracture and contributing to the complex network of fractures. The construction of a network of fractures increases significantly the conductivity of the formation, as it connects previously isolated fractures and pores, thus increasing the productivity index of the wells and providing greater economic viability in the shale gas/oil reservoir designs. This work presents a sensitivity analysis of the influence of fracturing spacing in the construction of the network of complex fractures generated in shales, aiming to understand how this parameter modifies the volume of stimulated reservoir (SRV) and the distribution of propant in the network of fractures, in order to avoid problems in this step of the design and thus, maintain the economic viability of the network. The literature review includes the main published works on this subject and the unconventional fracture models (UFM) used to model the network of complex fractures. Sensitivity analysis will be performed using the MShale software, which uses a stochastic model of the discrete fracture network (DFN) method and numerically solves the equilibrium equations and pore elasticity for shales in terms of effective stresses, in addition to mass conservation equations, linear momentum and energy with viscous dissipation for stokes creeping flow. For the analysis, the other parameters that influence the construction of the network will be kept constant and only the spacing between fracturing will have variation.
页岩气/页岩油勘探开发复杂裂缝网络构建中压裂间距影响的敏感性分析
由于天然裂缝的存在和层理的定向,页岩储层具有高度的各向异性。因此,水力诱导裂缝(HFs)与天然裂缝相互作用,形成具有复杂几何形状的裂缝网络。NFs的存在改变了页岩中的应力场,并直接影响了压裂过程中hf的地质力学行为,在优势裂缝中产生分支,形成复杂的裂缝网络。裂缝网络的构建显著增加了地层的导流能力,因为它连接了以前孤立的裂缝和孔隙,从而提高了井的产能指数,并在页岩气/油藏设计中提供了更大的经济可行性。本文对页岩复杂裂缝网络建设中压裂间距的影响进行了敏感性分析,旨在了解该参数如何改变增产储层(SRV)的体积和裂缝网络中喷砂剂的分布,从而避免在这一设计步骤中出现问题,从而保持网络的经济可行性。文献综述包括该主题的主要出版作品和用于模拟复杂裂缝网络的非常规裂缝模型(UFM)。将使用MShale软件进行敏感性分析,该软件使用离散裂缝网络(DFN)方法的随机模型,并根据有效应力、质量守恒方程、线性动量和带粘性耗散的能量,对页岩的平衡方程和孔隙弹性进行数值求解。在分析中,其他影响网络构造的参数保持不变,只有裂缝间距有变化。
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