Myokine Regulation as Marker of Sarcopenia in Elderly

MCBS Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI:10.21705/MCBS.V2I2.32

I. Aryana, Anak Agung Ayu Ratih Hapsari, R. Kuswardhani

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引用次数: 7

Abstract

The elderly population will increase as well as increasing life expectancy. Health problems in elderly will be more complex and need a comprehensive management. One of the problems that arise from the aging process is sarcopenia. Sarcopenia is a decreasing in muscle mass and muscle strength or muscle function caused by multifactorial not only due to aging process, but also nutrition, immobilization, genetics and others risk factors. Muscle is an endogen organ that produces various proteins that can affect the health system. This protein is referred to as myokine. Myokine is anti-inflammation cytokine and peptide produced by striated muscles. Physical activity results in myokine secretion that can reduce inflammation due to a sedentary lifestyle. Inflammation can lead to worsening sarcopenia and fat accumulation in striated muscles, thus reducing muscle mass, muscle strength and causing physical inactivity. The most of this type myokine have antiinflammation effect have work as autocrine, paracrine and endocrine. Chronic inflammation is a contributor that plays a role in the pathophysiology of various diseases including sarcopenia, it will protected by myokine. Myokine can affect the metabolism of glucose, fatty acids, angiogenesis, myogenesis, neurogenesis, and can explain the relationship between muscle, liver, fat, tissue and brain. Some knewn myokines include interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-5, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21), leukemia Inhibitory factor (LIF), irisin and secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC). Physical exercise can induce myokine secretion from striated muscle to circulation. Through these mechanisms, myokine is expected to improve metabolism of glucose, fat and protein muscle, liver, fat, tissue, brain and reduce the incidence some comorbidity especially sarcopenia. Finally, it's will be decreasing of disability, morbidity and mortality rate in elderly.Keywords: myokine, sarcopenia, elderly

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肌因子调节作为老年人肌肉减少症的标志物

老年人口将增加，预期寿命也将延长。老年人的健康问题将更加复杂，需要综合治理。衰老过程中出现的问题之一是肌肉减少症。肌少症是一种肌肉质量和肌肉力量或肌肉功能下降的多因素疾病，不仅是由于衰老过程引起的，还与营养、固定化、遗传等危险因素有关。肌肉是一种内源性器官，可以产生各种影响健康系统的蛋白质。这种蛋白质被称为肌因子。肌因子是横纹肌产生的抗炎症细胞因子和肽。体育活动可以促进肌细胞因子的分泌，从而减少久坐生活方式引起的炎症。炎症会导致肌肉减少症恶化，横纹肌脂肪堆积，从而减少肌肉质量，肌肉力量，导致缺乏运动。这类肌因子大多具有抗炎作用，有自分泌、旁分泌和内分泌作用。慢性炎症在包括肌肉减少症在内的多种疾病的病理生理中起着重要作用，它会受到肌因子的保护。Myokine可以影响葡萄糖、脂肪酸、血管生成、肌肉生成、神经生成的代谢，并可以解释肌肉、肝脏、脂肪、组织和大脑之间的关系。一些已知的肌因子包括白细胞介素(IL)-6、IL-8、IL-5、脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)、成纤维细胞生长因子21 (FGF-21)、白血病抑制因子(LIF)、鸢尾素和分泌酸性和富含半胱氨酸的蛋白(SPARC)。体育锻炼可诱导横纹肌分泌肌因子进入循环。通过这些机制，肌因子有望改善肌肉、肝脏、脂肪、组织、大脑的葡萄糖、脂肪和蛋白质代谢，减少一些合并症特别是肌肉减少症的发生率。最后是老年人伤残、发病率和死亡率的下降。关键词:肌因子，肌肉减少症，老年人

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MCBS Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences

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20 weeks