Oral Drug Delivery via Chronotherapy Approach: Need of the Day

Abstract

The drug delivery approach aimed to encounter the therapeutic requirements pertaining to particular pathological situations will be a newer research in formulation development area. Chronotherapy is a kind of treatment based on biological stimuli in drug therapy, and this has fetched a novel approach to the design of oral drug delivery systems. Several approaches are being exploited in the development of activated, pulsatile, controlled and programmed drug delivery strategies has exaggerated in recent years. Chronotherapeutics is the area related with drug delivery according to the intrinsic activities of a disease over a certain period of time. Chronotherapy deals with the treatment based on the human daily working cycle that corresponds to biological clock which the intention to enhance the therapeutic benefits and reduce the adverse effects. Chronotherapy mainly works by matching the timing of treatment with the intrinsic timing of illness. This method also refers to a kind of treatment approach in which in vivo drug availability is timed to match rhythms of disease, in order to improve therapeutic outcomes and reduce side effects. Optimal therapy can be achieved when the precise amount of drug is delivered to the correct target organ at the most suitable time. The drug release pattern will be varied based on the circadian rhythms and symptoms of a disease varied. The term chronothrapeutics is mainly novel in the field of drug delivery and in the treatment method. It is defined as an extensive term in which disease follow the circadian rhythm which undergoes the metabolic variations. Chronotehrapeutic strategies currently available control drug delivery by controlling the lag time independent environmental factors such as pH, gastric motility, and biological enzymes. These systems are available both multiple and single units. This delivery approach is considered as a future of oral drug delivery because these are self-programmed and designed to release a specific drug at a specified rate at a particular time. These drug delivery devices are able to maintain required plasma concentrations when placed in the oral cavity and enhance the patient compliances by circumventing frequency of drug administration.