Comparative Study of the Phytochemical Profile, Proximate Content and Antioxidant Properties of Leaves, Seeds and Pods of Moringa oleifera

A. K. Asekunowo, A. Ebabhi, A. Ogundajo
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Abstract

Abstract Moringa oleifera (Moringa) is a highly valued plant and various parts of this plant are employed for the therapeutic purposes in the indigenous system of medicine. This study was undertaken to compare the phytochemical, mineral, proximate and antioxidant constituents of the aqueous, ethanol and coconut oil extracts of M. oleifera leaf, seed and pod. Pulverized samples of the leaves, seeds and pods were extracted separately with distilled water, ethanol and coconut oil. The proximate analysis was carried out using standard AOAC protocols while the mineral contents were analyzed through atomic absorption spectrometry. The phytochemicals and antioxidants constituents of the extracts were analysed using standard protocols. The phytochemical screening of M. oleifera revealed the presence of alkaloids in each extract of the leaf, seed and pod in varying concentrations with the absence of phlobatannins in all sampled parts. Proximate composition of M. oleifera revealed higher percentage of crude protein (26.05±0.01 %) and total fatty acid (5.42±0.01 %) in the seed, while the leaf had higher percentage of fibre (8.12±0.02 %) and ash (7.82±0.02 %). The pod showed higher percentage of carbohydrate (72.05±0.2 %) and the seed revealed lowest moisture content (3.12±0.01 %) compared to other sampled parts. Sodium was revealed as the highest composition of mineral in each part of the plant. The result for antioxidant activity revealed that the leaf, seed and pod extracts have stronger scavenging effect on nitric oxide radical compared to the standards (ascorbic acid 8467.15μg/ml) and the least scavenging effect on FRAP. The results obtained from this study validate the pharmacological and nutritional potentials of M. oleifera and its use in treating different ailments as used in traditional medicine.
辣木叶、种子和豆荚的植物化学特征、含量及抗氧化性能比较研究
辣木(Moringa oleifera)是一种非常有价值的植物,这种植物的各个部分在土著医学系统中被用于治疗目的。本研究比较了油橄榄叶、种子和豆荚的水提物、乙醇提物和椰子油提物的植物化学成分、矿物成分、近因成分和抗氧化成分。分别用蒸馏水、乙醇和椰子油提取叶片、种子和豆荚的粉碎样品。采用标准AOAC法进行近似分析,采用原子吸收光谱法分析矿物含量。采用标准方案分析提取物的植物化学物质和抗氧化剂成分。植物化学筛选结果表明,油橄榄叶、种子和豆荚的各提取物中均含有不同浓度的生物碱,而所有取样部分均不含酞菁素。种子粗蛋白质含量(26.05±0.01%)和总脂肪酸含量(5.42±0.01%)较高,叶片纤维含量(8.12±0.02%)和灰分含量(7.82±0.02%)较高。豆荚的碳水化合物含量最高(72.05±0.2%),种子的水分含量最低(3.12±0.01%)。钠是植物各部分中矿物质含量最高的成分。抗氧化活性结果表明,与抗坏血酸8467.15μg/ml相比,叶、籽和豆荚提取物对一氧化氮自由基的清除作用更强,对FRAP的清除作用最小。本研究的结果验证了油橄榄的药理和营养潜力,以及它在传统医学中治疗不同疾病的应用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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