Dieta hipoglucídica en el tratamiento de la diabetes tipo 2

Abstract

The low carbohydrate diet was introduced in the 1960's, in the middle of the biggest controversies in the field of nutrition: Are fats or sugars primarily responsible for obesity and most cardiovascular risk factors that accompany it? The official academic stance opted for the former, ignoring any other option. However, in recent years different types of diets low in carbohydrates have been observed, which, due to their results and proven safety, have become very popular. The scientific world has finally shown interest in them. These diets achieve their goals, mainly due to its greater adherence, increased thermogenesis, increased satiety and postprandial hyperinsulinemia reduction. This would lead to a maintained weight reduction and improvement in several cardiovascular risk factors. However, most studies show a wide disparity in the carbohydrate content (5%-40%), thus it is necessary to specify and correctly define this type of diet, in order to serve as a basis for developing further studies. The greatest benefits of this diet have been documented in type 2 diabetes, particularly in the metabolic syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome and non-alcoholic hepato-steatosis.