{"title":"Regional Analysis of the Pharmacological Effects of Acute Ethanol on Extracellular Striatal Dopamine Activity.","authors":"Ashley A Vena, Regina Mangieri, Rueben A Gonzales","doi":"10.1111/acer.13246","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The objective of this study was to characterize the acute pharmacological effects of ethanol (EtOH) on extracellular dopamine in the dorsomedial and dorsolateral striata. This is the first study to quantify and directly compare the effects of acute EtOH on dopamine in these subregions. Therefore, we also tested the nucleus accumbens as a positive control. We hypothesized that while EtOH may increase extracellular dopamine in the dorsomedial striatum and dorsolateral striatum, the magnitude of this increase and the temporal profiles of extracellular dopamine concentrations would differ among the dorsomedial striatum, dorsolateral striatum, and nucleus accumbens.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed in vivo microdialysis in adult, male Long Evans rats as they received a single (experiment 1) or repeated (experiment 2) doses of EtOH.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of our positive control study validate earlier work by our laboratory demonstrating that acute intravenous EtOH immediately and robustly increases extracellular dopamine in the nucleus accumbens (Howard et al., ). In contrast, a single 1-g/kg dose of intravenous EtOH did not significantly affect extracellular dopamine in the dorsomedial striatum or the dorsolateral striatum. However, following a cumulative EtOH dosing protocol, we observed a ramping up of tonic dopamine activity in both the dorsomedial striatum and dorsolateral striatum over the course of the experiment, but this effect was more robust in the dorsomedial striatum.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest that distinct mechanisms underlie the stimulating effects of acute EtOH on extracellular dopamine in striatal subregions. Additionally, our findings suggest a role for the dorsomedial striatum and minimal-to-no role for the dorsolateral striatum in mediating the intoxicating effects of acute moderate to high doses of EtOH.</p>","PeriodicalId":7410,"journal":{"name":"Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2000,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5133149/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.13246","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2016/10/27 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"Medicine","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: The objective of this study was to characterize the acute pharmacological effects of ethanol (EtOH) on extracellular dopamine in the dorsomedial and dorsolateral striata. This is the first study to quantify and directly compare the effects of acute EtOH on dopamine in these subregions. Therefore, we also tested the nucleus accumbens as a positive control. We hypothesized that while EtOH may increase extracellular dopamine in the dorsomedial striatum and dorsolateral striatum, the magnitude of this increase and the temporal profiles of extracellular dopamine concentrations would differ among the dorsomedial striatum, dorsolateral striatum, and nucleus accumbens.
Methods: We performed in vivo microdialysis in adult, male Long Evans rats as they received a single (experiment 1) or repeated (experiment 2) doses of EtOH.
Results: The results of our positive control study validate earlier work by our laboratory demonstrating that acute intravenous EtOH immediately and robustly increases extracellular dopamine in the nucleus accumbens (Howard et al., ). In contrast, a single 1-g/kg dose of intravenous EtOH did not significantly affect extracellular dopamine in the dorsomedial striatum or the dorsolateral striatum. However, following a cumulative EtOH dosing protocol, we observed a ramping up of tonic dopamine activity in both the dorsomedial striatum and dorsolateral striatum over the course of the experiment, but this effect was more robust in the dorsomedial striatum.
Conclusions: These results suggest that distinct mechanisms underlie the stimulating effects of acute EtOH on extracellular dopamine in striatal subregions. Additionally, our findings suggest a role for the dorsomedial striatum and minimal-to-no role for the dorsolateral striatum in mediating the intoxicating effects of acute moderate to high doses of EtOH.
期刊介绍:
Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research''s scope spans animal and human clinical research, epidemiological, experimental, policy, and historical research relating to any aspect of alcohol abuse, dependence, or alcoholism. This journal uses a multi-disciplinary approach in its scope of alcoholism, its causes, clinical and animal effect, consequences, patterns, treatments and recovery, predictors and prevention.