Extremophilic Microorganisms From Sulfur-Rich Springs and Fumaroles in the Valles Caldera Volcanic Complex, New Mexico

IF 0.5 4区 地球科学 Q4 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Abigail Brown, Brian Green, Daniel S. Jones
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The Valles Caldera is a large volcanic feature in Northern New Mexico that has had geothermal activity since its formation at 1.25 Ma. Volcanic H2S is currently emitted along the western margin of the Caldera through fumaroles and in natural and artificial hot springs. We explored the microbial communities and processes associated with volcanically-influenced surface waters in the Sulfur Springs and Alamo Canyon area of Valles Caldera National Preserve, and in hot springs along the Jemez River to the south. Surface waters impacted by fumarolic gases in the Alamo Canyon and Sulfur Springs areas had pH values between 1.1 to 3.5, with dissolved sulfide concentrations from 10 μM up to 1 mM in areas with the most intense fumarolic activity. In contrast, hot springs at Soda Dam and an artificial spring in the town of Jemez Springs had temperatures between 37-70ºC, circumneutral pH values, and sulfide concentrations between 5-25 μM. Small subunit rRNA gene libraries from Alamo Bog had diverse eukaryotic algae and a wide variety of bacteria related to known chemoautotrophic sulfur oxidizers, including Sulfurimonas spp., Sulfuriferula spp., Halothiobacillus spp., and Thiomonas spp. The more acidic sites in Sulfur Springs are dominated by the bacterial and archaeal genera Acidithiobacillus, Sulfobacillus, Acidiphilium, and Acidiplasma. Green and white streamers from the Soda Dam springs were dominated by Sulfurovum, Thiofaba, Thiothrix, and several cyanobacterial taxa. The most acidic samples were the least diverse, but there was not a strong correlation between microbial diversity and pH. Diversity was also negatively correlated with dissolved sulfide concentration. Future work will continue to explore how geochemical
新墨西哥州峡谷破火山口火山复合体富硫泉和喷气孔中的嗜极微生物
山谷火山口是新墨西哥州北部的一个大型火山特征,自1.25 Ma形成以来一直有地热活动。目前,火山硫化氢通过喷气孔以及天然和人工温泉沿火山口西部边缘排放。我们探索了火山影响地表水的微生物群落和过程,这些地表水分布在硫泉和Valles Caldera国家保护区的Alamo峡谷地区,以及沿着Jemez河向南的温泉。在Alamo峡谷和硫泉地区,受富马酸气体影响的地表水pH值在1.1 ~ 3.5之间,富马酸活动最强烈的地区,溶解的硫化物浓度在10 μM ~ 1 mM之间。而Soda坝温泉和Jemez springs镇人工温泉的温度为37 ~ 70℃,pH值为环中性,硫化物浓度为5 ~ 25 μM。Alamo沼泽小亚基rRNA基因文库中有多种真核藻类和与已知的化学自养硫氧化剂相关的多种细菌,包括硫单胞菌、硫单胞菌、盐硫杆菌和硫单胞菌,硫泉中酸性较强的位点主要是细菌和古细菌属Acidithiobacillus、Sulfobacillus、Acidiphilium和Acidiplasma。Soda坝泉水的绿色和白色条带以Sulfurovum、Thiofaba、thiiothrix和几个蓝藻类群为主。酸性最强的样品微生物多样性最低,但微生物多样性与ph值相关性不强,且与硫化物溶解浓度呈负相关。未来的工作将继续探索地球化学如何
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来源期刊
Journal of Cave and Karst Studies
Journal of Cave and Karst Studies 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
1.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
6
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Cave and Karst Studies is a multidisciplinary journal devoted to cave and karst research. The Journal is seeking original, unpublished manuscripts concerning the scientific study of caves or other karst features. Authors do not need to be members of the National Speleological Society, but preference is given to manuscripts of importance to North American speleology.
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