Variation in health promoting compounds of blueberry fruit associated with different nutrient management practices in a soilless growing system

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine and compare the content of total anthocyanins (TACY), total phenolics (TPC) and total antioxidant activity (TAA) of the fruit of ‘Bluecrop’ highbush blueberry grown under different nutrient management practices in a soilless production system. A field study was carried out in a highbush blueberry plantation situated near Belgrade (Serbia), during the period of 2016–2017. The orchard was planted in the spring of 2016 in 50 l polypropylene pots with 5-year-old nursery plants. Each pot was filled with the mix of pine sawdust (60%), white peat (30%) and perlite (10%), and placed at a distance of 0.8 m within the row and 3.0 m between the rows (4,170 bushes ha). The following fertilizer treatments were evaluated: 1. organic fertilizers (Org); 2. mineral fertilizers (Min) and 3. a combination of organic and mineral fertilizers (Org-Min). Soluble NPK fertilizers were applied with irrigation water, whereas granulated mineral and pelleted organic fertilizers were mixed with the substrate. Fruit samples were collected in triplicate at the beginning of ripening, full maturity and the end of the harvest season. No significant effect of harvest time on each of the tested parameters was observed, whereas the content of TACY did not even differ under various fertilizer treatments. TPC in the fruit significantly increased in Org and Org-Min treatments (139.8 and 139.3 mg eq GA 100 g FW, respectively) compared to Min treatment (122.7 mg eq GA 100 g FW), while a considerably high TAA level was found only in berries under Org-Min treatment (0.53 mg asc g FW).