Thermodynamics of Geothermal Fluids

1区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences
A. Stefánsson, T. Driesner, P. Bénézeth
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引用次数: 9

Abstract

This volume presents an extended review of the topics conveyed in a short course on Geothermal Fluid Thermodynamics held prior to the 23rd Annual V.M. Goldschmidt Conference in Florence, Italy (August 24–25, 2013). Geothermal fluids in the broadest sense span large variations in composition and cover wide ranges of temperature and pressure. Their composition may also be dynamic and change in space and time on both short and long time scales. In addition, physiochemical properties of fluids such as density, viscosity, compressibility and heat capacity determine the transfer of heat and mass by geothermal systems, whereas, in turn, the physical properties of the fluids are affected by their chemical properties. Quantitative models of the transient spatial and temporal evolution of geochemical fluid processes are, therefore, very demanding with respect to the accuracy and broad range of applicability of thermodynamic databases and thermodynamic models (or equations of state) that describe the various datasets as a function of temperature, pressure, and composition. The application of thermodynamic calculations is, therefore, a central part of geochemical studies of very diverse processes ranging from the aqueous geochemistry of near surface geothermal features including chemosynthesis and thermal biological activity, through the utilization of crustal reservoirs for CO2 sequestration and engineered geothermal systems to the formation of magmatic-hydrothermal ore deposits and, even deeper, to the de-volatilization of subducted oceanic crust and the transfer of subduction fluids and trace elements into the mantle wedge. Application of thermodynamics to understand geothermal fluid chemistry and transport requires essentially three parts: first, equations of state to describe the physiochemical system; second, a geochemical model involving minerals and fluid species; and, third, values for various thermodynamic parameters from which the thermodynamic and chemical model can be derived. The two biggest current hurdles for comprehensive geochemical modeling of geothermal systems are …
地热流体热力学
本卷介绍了在意大利佛罗伦萨举行的第23届年度V.M.戈德施密特会议(2013年8月24日至25日)之前举行的地热流体热力学短期课程中所传达的主题的扩展审查。从最广泛的意义上说,地热流体在成分上有很大的变化,覆盖了很宽的温度和压力范围。它们的组成也可能是动态的,在短时间和长时间尺度上在空间和时间上发生变化。此外,流体的物理化学性质,如密度、粘度、可压缩性和热容,决定了地热系统的热量和质量传递,而流体的物理性质反过来又受到其化学性质的影响。因此,地球化学流体过程的瞬态时空演化的定量模型对描述各种数据集作为温度、压力和成分的函数的热力学数据库和热力学模型(或状态方程)的准确性和广泛适用性提出了很高的要求。因此,热力学计算的应用是各种过程的地球化学研究的中心部分,这些过程包括近地表地热特征的水地球化学,包括化学合成和热生物活动,通过利用地壳储层进行二氧化碳封存和工程地热系统,到岩浆热液矿床的形成,甚至更深层,俯冲洋壳的脱挥发和俯冲流体及微量元素向地幔楔体的转移。应用热力学来理解地热流体化学和输运本质上需要三个部分:第一,描述物理化学系统的状态方程;第二,涉及矿物和流体物种的地球化学模型;第三,各种热力学参数的值,从中可以推导出热力学和化学模型。目前对地热系统进行综合地球化学建模的两个最大障碍是……
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来源期刊
Reviews in Mineralogy & Geochemistry
Reviews in Mineralogy & Geochemistry 地学-地球化学与地球物理
CiteScore
8.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
39
期刊介绍: RiMG is a series of multi-authored, soft-bound volumes containing concise reviews of the literature and advances in theoretical and/or applied mineralogy, crystallography, petrology, and geochemistry. The content of each volume consists of fully developed text which can be used for self-study, research, or as a text-book for graduate-level courses. RiMG volumes are typically produced in conjunction with a short course but can also be published without a short course. The series is jointly published by the Mineralogical Society of America (MSA) and the Geochemical Society.
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