Linear stability of Israel-Stewart theory in the presence of net-charge diffusion

Abstract

In this paper, we perform a linear stability analysis of Israel-Stewart theory around a global equilibrium state, including the effects of shear-stress tensor, net-baryon diffusion current and diffusion-viscous coupling. We find all the relevant modes of this theory and derive necessary conditions that these modes must satisfy in order to be stable and subluminal. With these conditions, we then derive constraints for the shear and diffusion relaxation times and the transport coefficients related to diffusion-viscous coupling.