Neuropathophysiology of COVID-19

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has strained health systems all over the world. The SARS-CoV-2 which causes the disease is a corona virus that predominantly affects the respiratory systems. Since the outbreak of the novel disease in December, 2019 the scientific world has intensified efforts to elucidate its pathophysiology, mode of transmission, clinical manifestations, best mode of prevention and treatment options. Very little is known about its neuropathophysiology even though a significant number of patients come down with obvious neurological signs and symptoms. The virus has been reported to affect the nerves, muscles, the special senses and the central nervous system with a wide range of clinical manifestations. The mechanisms by which the virus causes all these are still not clear. This article attempts to review and articulate all possible existing theories surrounding the neurological effects of COVID-19.