La autoridad, el pánico y la beligerancia. Políticas de orden público y violencia política en la España del Frente Popular

IF 0.4 4区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY
S. Martínez
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

This article analyses the relationship between public order policies and the increase of political violence that took place in Spain between February and July 1936. The reestablishment of a reformist and less repressive policy paradoxically stimulated the development of four causal factors of violence: government delegitimisation, politicisation of the public order administration, de-authorisation of police forces, and privatisation of the political use of force. Since May, the Casares Government tried to solve the problem by intensifying the persecution of Falangist terrorism, decelerating the republicanisation of the police, reestablishing the principle of authority, and recovering the control of public order resources. Nevertheless, although these measures significantly reduced the number of mortal victims, the political violence remained considerably high, the military went on conspiring, and the State did not recover the monopoly of lethal coercion. This period concluded with Calvo Sotelo’s murder and the military rebellion, which was supported at least by half of the police forces as a reaction not only against the dangerous situation of public order, but also against the democratising policies that had undermined their authority and the state monopoly of the use of violence.
权威、恐慌和好战。西班牙人民阵线的公共秩序政策和政治暴力
本文分析了1936年2月至7月发生在西班牙的公共秩序政策与政治暴力增加之间的关系。改革主义和较少压制性政策的重建矛盾地刺激了暴力的四个因果因素的发展:政府的非合法性,公共秩序管理的政治化,警察部队的非授权以及政治使用武力的私有化。自5月以来,卡萨雷斯政府试图通过加强对长枪恐怖主义的迫害、减缓警察的共和化、重建权威原则和恢复对公共秩序资源的控制来解决问题。然而,尽管这些措施大大减少了致命的受害者人数,但政治暴力仍然相当严重,军方继续阴谋,国家没有恢复对致命胁迫的垄断。这一时期以卡尔沃·索特洛被谋杀和军事叛乱结束,这场叛乱至少得到一半警察部队的支持,这不仅是对公共秩序危险局势的反应,也是对破坏警察权威和国家垄断使用暴力的民主化政策的反应。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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CiteScore
0.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
19
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