Differences between Seated and Standing Low-Speed Treadmill Walking

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the Energy Expenditure (EE) during very low-speed (< 2.0 mph) treadmill walking while seated to EE during upright treadmill walking. Design: A convenience sample cohort study of nine volunteer participants (4 males; 5 females) M age 63.4 (± 10.5) years performed both seated (MuV) and standing walking (STW), across 0.5 mph, 1.1 and 1.5 mph velocities. Setting: Institutional, University of Oklahoma Human Performance Laboratory in Tulsa. Participants: Elderly adults with no contra-indications for low speed walking, recruited from the University of Oklahoma staff, faculty and a local YMCA. Main outcome measures: Differences between MuV and STW O2 Consumption (VO2), Rating of perceived exertion (RPE10), and heart rate (HR). Results: Mean HR and VO2 differences between MuV (Seated) and STW (standing) walking at very low intensities were small but statistically significant at p < 0.05. Effect sizes were moderate to high (0.61-0.85) for VO2 at 0.5 and 1.1 mph respectively and low to moderate (0.23-0.61) for HR and RPE for 1.1 mph speed. Conclusions: For people unable to stand or walk, the seated treadmill is a suitable alternative to an upright treadmill. Additional studies in larger and more diverse populations are required in order to confirm this studies initial findings to the general population. Clinical relevance: This form of exercise may have value for those seeking very low intensity (subliminal) exercise while seated at a desk or for those individuals who have a low orthopedic tolerance.