Visual observation of the solubility of heavy hydrocarbons in near-critical water

N. Sanders
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引用次数: 31

Abstract

Heavy hydrocarbons (M/sub R/ > 250) have been observed to dissolve in liquid water just below its critical temperature (374 /sup 0/C). Visual measurements of the solution temperatures of hydrocarbon/water systems confined in sealed quartz capillary tubes (autogenous pressure) show unambiguously that even very heavy heavy hydrocarbons (M/sub R/ > 400) form true solutions with water in a temperature-pressure region where both pure components can exist as liquids. The solubilities determined from solution temperatures of three pure hydrocarbons (a straight-chain paraffin, n-tetracosane; a polynuclear aromatic, benzo(e)pyrene; an alkylbenzene, n-nonadecylbenzene) and a naphthene/branched paraffin white oil mixture are reported in the temperature range 320-365/sup 0/C. The solution-temperature-derived solubilities are in agreement with heavy oil fraction solubility data obtained in ''blind'' autoclaves. Solubilities of pure heavy hydrocarbons in water at 350/sup 0/C range from 1 wt % for n-tetracosane to 10 wt % for benzo(e)pyrene. The variation of hydrocarbon solubility in water as a function of temperature and hydrocarbon molecular size and type is discussed by using the concepts of hydrophobic interactions and solubility parameters which have been developed to explain the solubilities of light hydrocarbons in water.
重碳氢化合物在近临界水中溶解度的目视观察
重烃(M/sub / R > 250)在低于临界温度(374 /sup /C)的液态水中溶解。封闭石英毛细管(自压力)中烃类/水系统溶液温度的目测结果明确表明,即使是非常重的重烃(M/sub R/ > 400)也能在一个温度-压力区域内与水形成真正的溶液,在这个温度-压力区域内,两种纯组分都能以液体的形式存在。三种纯烃(直链烷烃,正四烷;一种多核芳香化合物,苯并(e)芘;烷基苯、正壬烷基苯和环烷/支链石蜡白油混合物的温度范围为320-365/sup 0/C。溶液温度导出的溶解度与在“盲”高压灭菌器中获得的稠油馏分溶解度数据一致。纯重烃在350/sup 0/C水中的溶解度范围从正四烷的1wt %到苯并(e)芘的10wt %。利用疏水相互作用和溶解度参数的概念,讨论了烃类在水中溶解度随温度和烃类分子大小和类型的变化。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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