Potential of X. testudinaria sponge from the waters of the Spermonde Islands, Indonesia as a dengue viral inhibitor drug (dengue antiviral)

Abstract

The waters of the Spermonde Islands are one of the habitats for the marine biota of the sponge X.testudinaria, which is a sponge from the petrosiidae family. Various studies have shown that the X.testudinaria sponge obtained from various waters in the world contains secondary metabolites with certain bioactivity, including as an antiviral. Research related to the study of dengue antiviral bioactivity from sponge X.testudinaria from the waters of the Spermonde Islands was carried out through an extraction process carried out in stages using chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanolin sequence, then determining the cytotoxic effect ton Verocells and determining theactivity of dengue antiviral of each extract.The results showed tha tthe ethylacetate and methanol extracts had a strong cytotoxic effect against verocells (CC50 21 µg/mL and 26.65 µg/mL) and that chloroform extrac twas less toxic to verocells (CC50 244.98 µg/mL). Chloroform and methanol extract respectively showed very strong inhibitory activity against dengue virus with low IC50 values (0.27 µg/mL, and 0.313 µg/ mL),where asethylacetate extract had a low inhibitory effect (IC50107.76µg/mL). The SI value of chloroform the extract was the largest (SI = 903.7), which means that chloroform extract is more selective and most appropriate to be used as a dengue antiviral drug compared to ethylacetate and methanol extracts (SI: 0.329 and 85.14).