STUDY OF THE DON AUTOCHTHONOUS GRAPE VARIETY TSIMLYANSKY BELYY IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE LOWER DON

Abstract

The study was carried out in order to assess the agrobiological and uvological indicators of the rare autochthonous Don grape variety Tsimlyansky Belyy, growing in the conditions of the Lower Don, and can be used to expand the raw material resource in the production of quality wines and as a valuable genetic material for grape breeding. The experiments were performed on the ampelographic collection (Rostov region) in 2015-2021, according to generally accepted methods and GOST. The bushes are grafted onto the rootstock Kober 5BB. Varieties are cultivated in a covering culture. It has been established that under these growing conditions, Tsimlyansky Belyy variety has an early ripening period (117 days), and the control variety Sibir'kovyy has an early-middle period ripening of berries (128 days). According to the results of agrobiological surveys, good overwintering and fruitfulness of plants were noted, the percentage of fruiting buds in Tsimlyansky Belyy variety was at the level of 72.7%, and in Sibir'kovyy variety - 66.2%. In terms of the percentage of fruitful shoots and the fruitfulness ratio, the differences were not significant and amounted to 5.8% and 0.1, respectively. The yield of the studied variety Tsimlyansky Belyy was 91 centners/ha, in the control variety - 86 centners/ha. The characteristics of grape were practically at the same level (medium sugar content - 20.6 g/100 cm3 for Tsimlyansky Belyy variety and 20.2 g/100 cm3 for the Sibir'kovyy variety; and the acidity of the varieties was low: Tsimlyansky Belyy - 6.4 g/dm3, Sibir'kovyy - 6.3 g/dm3). The wine from Tsimlyansky Belyy variety has a pale straw color, with a shine, has delicate floral and honey notes in the aroma, turning into the taste. The taste is full and harmonious. Tasting score 8.6 points. Wine from the control variety Sibir'kovyy received a tasting score of 8.7 points. In 2022, Tsimlyansky Belyy grape variety is included in the State Register of Russian varieties approved for use, has a high agrobiological potential in the climatic conditions of the Lower Don region, and can be used to expand the raw material resource in the production of quality wines, and as a valuable genetic material for grape breeding.