Evolution of central respiratory chemoreception: a new twist on an old story

John E Remmers , Cory Torgerson , Michael Harris , Steven F Perry , Konstantinon Vasilakos , Richard J.A Wilson
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引用次数: 31

Abstract

Evolution of central respiratory chemosensitivity has been linked traditionally to the need for carbon dioxide regulation that accompanied the evolution of air breathing in terresterial animals. We examined the validity of this linkage by investigating the possibility of central chemoreception in air breathing fish that diverged from the amphibian lineage long before the appearance of terrestriality. We showed that the isolated brainstem preparation of the long nose gar (Lepisosteus osseus) produces a putative motor pattern for lung ventilation, which is responsive to CO2. These findings, together with more inferential evidence, suggest an association between air breathing and central chemosensitivity in aquatic animals that spans the major branches in vertebrate phylogeny. Furthermore, developmental observations in tadpoles suggest that the neural substrates for central chemoreception exist in proximity to that for rhythm generation. We postulate that a primitive ancestral CPG, sensitive to CO2 is conserved and is evidenced in the intrinsic coupling of respiratory CPG and central chemoreception in modern tetrapods.

中枢呼吸化学接受的进化:一个古老故事的新转折
中央呼吸化学敏感性的进化传统上被认为与陆生动物在空气呼吸进化过程中对二氧化碳调节的需要有关。我们通过研究空气呼吸鱼的中枢化学接受的可能性来检验这种联系的有效性,这些鱼在陆地动物出现之前很久就从两栖动物谱系中分离出来了。我们发现,长鼻鸭(Lepisosteus osseus)的分离脑干制备产生了一种假定的肺通气运动模式,这是对二氧化碳的反应。这些发现以及更多的推论证据表明,水生动物的空气呼吸与中枢化学敏感性之间存在关联,这种关联跨越了脊椎动物系统发育的主要分支。此外,对蝌蚪的发育观察表明,中枢化学接受的神经基质与节律产生的神经基质相近。我们假设对CO2敏感的原始祖先CPG是保守的,这在现代四足动物呼吸CPG和中枢化学接受的内在耦合中得到了证明。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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