Development and Rationale of Two-Disk Operating Body of Agricultural Machine for Tillage

Abstract

One of the main problems in the design of agricultural machines, including tillage machines, is to ensure the optimal energy intensity of various technological operations. The design, kinematic and technological parameters of rotary tillage machines have a significant impact on the indicators of the energy intensity of the process and the quality of tillage. These parameters include the diameter of the operating body of the agricultural machine, the angular speed and rotational speed of the disks, the number of cutting elements, the translational speed of the operating body, the height of the ridge formed during soil cultivation, the thickness of the cut chips. An important agrotechnical parameter of a rotary tillage machine is the ridging of the furrow bottom. The height of the ridges formed should not be less than 20 % of the depth of the cultivated soil. Currently, in order to ensure the required height of the ridges in the designs of rotary machines, there are a number of restrictions that determine the operating mode and parameters of the units. The degree of influence of the parameters of the developed operating body and the energy consumption on the quality of tillage has been assessed in the process of the research. The experiments have been carried out on an installation that included an operating body, a power unit, control and instrumentation equipment. As the power section, AC motors with a phase rotor were used, the power of which was 0.75 and 1.50 kW, and the speed of rotation was 920, 1500 and 3000 rpm. The parameters have been set that allow to reduce the energy consumption for tillage by 11–17 %, compared to existing machines, and ensure the alignment of the furrow bottom by up to 80 %.