AIF-1 GENE AS STRONG PROGNOSTIC BIOMARKER FOR ORAL CANCER

Abstract

Objective: Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC), which is the sixth most prevalent type of cancer across the globe caused by cigarette smoking, smokeless tobacco use, excessive and extreme alcohol use, oral trauma, HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) infection as well as genetic mutations. AIF-1(Allograft Inflammatory Factor) has been identified as an inflammatory response modulator, and its increased expression has been linked to carcinogenesis. Methods: In this study, 200 OSCC patients and 200 matched controls were compared to investigate if there was any association between the AIF-1(Allograft Inflammatory Factor) gene and the risk of cancer of oral cavity in the North Indian population. AIF-1(Allograft Inflammatory Factor) gene polymorphism rs2857595 were detected using TaqMan probe assay. Results: The findings of our study revealed that AA genotype of AIF-1(Allograft Inflammatory Factor) Gene increases the susceptibility of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. The association of AA genotype with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma is more in co-dominant model and the combination of both the mutant genotypes (AA+AG) is more significantly associated with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in recessive model. GG genotype of AIF-1 (Allograft Inflammatory Factor) gene comes out with a protective effect against the risk of (OSCC Squamous Cell Carcinoma). To further understand the role of AIF-1(Allograft Inflammatory Factor) polymorphism, we compared the association of genotypes with various clinicopathological characteristics of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma patients. And we found that the patients with AA genotype have a significantly higher risk of developing high-grade tumors and more nodal involvement. Conclusion: Thus, rs2857595 locus AA genotype of AIF-1(Allograft Inflammatory Factor) can be considered as important point in the development of accurate preventive approach and a prognostic indicator for oral cancer.