Zgodovinski pregled uporabe izraza akričnost v slovenski klasifikaciji tal

Q3 Social Sciences
Geografski Vestnik Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI:10.3986/gv94104
Rok Turniški, Marko Zupan, Helena Grčman
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Pri poimenovanju in klasifikaciji tal se že vse od njenih začetkov soočamo z izzivi, ki izhajajo tako iz vpeljave tujih neznanih izrazov kot iz sprememb diagnostičnih meril in analitskih postopkov, s katerimi jih preverjamo. Pri prevajanju imen pedosistematskih enot Pedološke karte Slovenije (1 : 25.000) za namen mednarodnih publikacij in zemljevida tal Evrope, smo zasledili težave pri razumevanju akričnih tal. Akrična tla so v Pedološki karti opredeljena kot zelo kisla tla, z deležem bazičnih kationov na sorptivnem kompleksu tal manj kot 35% in sodijo med izprana tla. Merilo klasifikacije WRB za akričnost (qualifier acric) je majhna kationska izmenjalna kapaciteta glinene frakcije tal (< 24cmolc kg-1 gline) ob hkratnem efektivnem deležu bazičnih kationov pod 50%. Tla z argičnim horizontom in akričnimi lastnostmi se uvrščajo v referenčno skupino Acrisols. Izprana akrična tla so se prevajala kot Acrisols, kar ne drži po merilih klasifikacije WRB in je lahko zavajajoče, predvsem za tuje bralce, ki ne poznajo tal v Sloveniji in meril slovenske klasifikacije. V prispevku smo preučili zgodovino rabe izraza akričnost v slovenski pedološki literaturi in klasifikaciji tal ter s tem izrazom povezane diagnostične lastnosti in merila. Ugotovili smo, da je bil izraz akričnost uveden leta 1973 na podlagi legende pedološke karte FAO iz leta 1968. V različnih obdobjih so uporabljali različna merila (horizonti, lastnosti, analitske metode), ki se niso posodabljala z razvojem mednarodne klasifikacije WRB. // Historical overview of the use of the term acric in Slovenian soil classification In naming and classifying soils in Slovenia, we faced challenges from the beginning, resulting from the introduction of foreign, unfamiliar terms and changes in diagnostic criteria and analytical procedures for their verification. When translating the names of Soil Systematic Units of the Soil Map of Slovenia 1:25,000 for international publications and soil maps of Europe, misunderstandings could arise. Acric soils are defined in the Soil Map of Slovenia as very acidic soils with base saturation below 35% and belong to the Illuvial soils. The WRB classification criterion for acric properties is the low cation exchange capacity of the clay fraction of the soil (< 24cmolc kg-1 clay) with a simultaneous effective base saturation below 50%. Soils with an argic horizon and acric properties are referred to as reference group Acrisols. Illuvial acric soils have been translated as Acrisols, which is incorrect according to WRB classification criteria and is misleading, especially for foreign readers unfamiliar with soils in Slovenia and Slovenian classification criteria. In this paper, we examine the history of the use of the term acric in Slovenian pedological literature and soil classification, as well as the diagnostic properties and criteria associated with this term. We found out that the term acric was introduced in 1973 based on the legend of the FAO soil map of 1968. Different criteria (horizons, properties, analytical methods) were used in the different periods, which were not updated with the development of the international WRB classification.
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来源期刊
Geografski Vestnik
Geografski Vestnik Social Sciences-Geography, Planning and Development
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