Eyelid myoclonia with absences (Jeavons syndrome): still an overlooked epilepsy syndrome. Comments to Covanis review in this issue of Journal of Epileptology

Abstract

the moment of eye opening or closing, and predominantly at a flicker frequency of 15-16 Hz and wavelength of 700nm. Inheritance is autosomal dominant. Luminance studies with sunglasses show variable results in the suppression of PPR. A deep red color is required for induction of PPR. In the prevention of the video game Pokemon effect, blue lenses inhibit the PPR by the short wave length and diminished illumination. Seizures evoked by video games are a manifestation of photosensitive epilepsy. During the PPR 75% patients experience impaired consciousness, opening of eyes or jerking, and pain in the eyes. Persistence of PPR after stimulation is ended is not associated with a higher risk of seizures. Other abnormalities in the EEG, not the PPR are significant in the cause of postPPR seizures. Prognosis is generally good, especially after age 20 years. Valproic acid and levetiracetam are effective in eliminating PPR. (Hughes JR. The photoparoxysmal response: The probable cause of attacks during video games. Clin EEG and Neurosci Jan 2008;39(1): 1-7). (Reprints: John R Hughes, MD PhD, University of Illinois Medical Center (M/C 796), 912 S Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612).