Study of Perfluoro Organic Solvent Novec 1230 Extraction Properties in Regards to Low Polar Substances from Plant Raw Materials

N. Boyko, E. Zhilyakova, O. Novikov, D. Pisarev, A. Bondarev, Z. Tsvetkova, E. Timoshenko, Tatjana Pankrusheva
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Abstract

The purpose of this work is an experimental study of the extraction properties of Novec 1230 perfluoro organic solvent in regards to various types of low-polar biologically active substances from plant materials. For the study purposes, we used the following ground plant raw materials with particle size 0.1-0.5 mm: Anethum graveolens L. fruits, Eucalyptus viminalis Labill. leaves, Foeniculum vulgare Mill. fruits, Hypericum perforatum L. herb, Pastinaca sativa L. fruits, Pimpinella anisum L. fruits, Syzygium aromaticum L. buds (Clove buds), and Tumeric powder. For analytical purposes, we used the following standard samples: eugenol, carvone, trans-anethole, xanthotoxin, evcalimin, and spissum extract of Chlorophyllipt of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine. Novec 1230 was used as a perfluoro organic solvent. RP HPLC and GC-MS were used as quantitative and qualitative analytical methods, respectively. For the extraction, we used the circulation method in “Soxhlet” extractor at the following conditions: plant raw material:extractant ratio 1:5 m/v, extraction time 1 and 3 h. It is found that in three hours of extraction with Novec 1230 perfluoro organic solvent, the low molecular weight components of essential oils are as follows: anethole and carvone (yield≥94%); eugenol is poorly extracted from Syzygium aromaticum L. buds (yield<50%); and chlorophylls, fatty oil, and a number of other low-polar biologically active substances are not extracted. The results obtained are comparable with the technologies for low-polar BAS extraction using liquefied gases or supercritical fluids. The extraction properties of Novec 1230 perfluoro organic solvent were studied experimentally for various types of lowpolar biologically active substances from plant materials. It was found that a very limited number of low-polar biologically active substances are extracted into this type of perfluoro organic solvent, these are mainly components of essential oils, while triglycerides, chlorophylls, and a number of other low-polar biologically active substances are not extracted into this solvent. It is shown that the extraction properties of Novec 1230 perfluoro organic solvent are related to the polar part of TPSA parameter in low-polar BAS molecules. The limit value of TPSA was found in a molecule of low-polar BAS (LTPSA≤30 ± 5 Å2), above which BAS are not extracted into Novec 1230 perfluoro organic solvent. Keywords—perfluoro organic solvent Novec 1230, extraction properties, low-polar biologically active substances, limiting value of TPSA, circulation method in “Soxhlet” extractor.
全氟有机溶剂Novec 1230对植物原料中低极性物质的萃取性能研究
本研究的目的是实验研究Novec 1230全氟有机溶剂对植物材料中各类低极性生物活性物质的提取性能。本研究选用粒径0.1 ~ 0.5 mm的植物研磨原料:Anethum graveolens L.果实、Eucalyptus viminalis Labill。叶,普通小叶柄。水果、贯叶连翘草本植物、Pastinaca sativa L.果实、Pimpinella anisum L.果实、Syzygium aromaticum L.芽(丁香芽)和姜黄粉。为了分析目的,我们使用了以下标准样品:丁香酚,香芹酮,反式茴香醚,叶黄素,叶黄素和乌克兰国家药典叶绿素提取物。Novec 1230被用作全氟有机溶剂。定量分析方法为RP - HPLC,定性分析方法为GC-MS。在索氏提取器中采用循环萃取法提取,提取条件为:植物原料:萃取剂比1:5 m/v,提取时间1和3 h。用Novec 1230全氟有机溶剂提取3 h,发现精油的低分子量成分为:茴香油和香豆酮(得率≥94%);丁香酚的提取效率较低(收率<50%);叶绿素、脂肪油和其他一些低极性生物活性物质不被提取。所得结果与利用液化气体或超临界流体提取低极性BAS的技术相当。实验研究了Novec 1230全氟有机溶剂对植物材料中各类低极性生物活性物质的提取性能。研究发现,在这种全氟有机溶剂中提取的低极性生物活性物质数量非常有限,这些物质主要是精油的成分,而甘油三酯、叶绿素和其他一些低极性生物活性物质没有被提取到这种溶剂中。结果表明,Novec 1230全氟有机溶剂的萃取性能与低极性BAS分子中TPSA参数的极性部分有关。在低极性BAS分子中发现了TPSA的极限值(LTPSA≤30±5 Å2),高于此极限值的BAS不被提取到Novec 1230全氟有机溶剂中。关键词:全氟有机溶剂Novec 1230,萃取性能,低极性生物活性物质,TPSA极限值,索氏循环法
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