Public Opinion, Democracy, and the Armed Forces: Chile before the 1973 Military Coup

IF 0.3 Q4 HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

HSE-Social and Education History Pub Date : 2023-06-28 DOI:10.17583/hse.11582

Mario Herrera, Mauricio Morales

引用次数: 0

Abstract

The 1973 military coup in Chile was one of the most violent in Latin America. In an environment of high political polarization and poor economic indicators, the Chilean Armed Forces overthrew President Salvador Allende. There is extensive literature discussing the political and institutional causes of the military coup without much reference to the characteristics of public opinion. Based on surveys conducted in 1972 and 1973, we evaluated support for a military government and the Armed Forces’ image in a context of high political upheaval. We found that months before the military coup, about 25% supported a military government and the Armed Forces also had broad popular support, being perceived as reliable and politically neutral actors. Although there is some consensus on the insurrectionary character of the Armed Forces before the military coup, we conclude that this image was far from being reflected in public opinion.

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舆论、民主与武装力量:1973年军事政变前的智利

1973年发生在智利的军事政变是拉丁美洲最暴力的政变之一。在政治高度两极化和经济指标不佳的环境下，智利武装部队推翻了总统萨尔瓦多·阿连德。有大量文献讨论军事政变的政治和制度原因，但没有太多提及民意的特点。根据1972年和1973年进行的调查，我们评估了在高度政治动荡的背景下对军政府和武装部队形象的支持。我们发现，在军事政变发生的几个月前，约有25%的人支持军政府，武装部队也得到了广泛的民众支持，被认为是可靠的、政治中立的行为者。虽然对军事政变前武装部队的叛乱性质有一些共识，但我们得出的结论是，这种形象远远没有在公众舆论中得到反映。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

HSE-Social and Education History HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES-

CiteScore

0.90

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： The journal Social and Education History, aims to closely connect these two fields of study, by publishing relevant articles focused on both the analysis of societies and, the socialization processes and cultural and educational transmission. It focuses on the study of social change and transformation periods. It includes the analysis of social and pedagogical thought, as well as the teaching of history. It is open to all historical periods. The journal comprises the analysis of all learning, cultural transmission and socialization processes, together with social analysis. It brings together education and society, and enhances the role of education in the learning processes and development of societies. Furthermore, it includes the study of social and pedagogical thought and the teaching of history, and as there is no limitation of time period, this journal achieves an integrating dimension regarding the study of history that a vast majority of publications do not have. Social and Education History is a digital and free publication, which aims at disseminating scientific knowledge and generating debate in order to promote an active history addressed to reflect on the past, the present and the future, and at the same time to be useful in deepening in the values of democracy and social justice. The journal publishes research articles, reviews, monographs, and articles on doctoral dissertations, about social and educational history. It is a four-monthly publication and multilingual. HSE publishes articles in English and Spanish. This journal has two sections, one for articles and another for book reviews. This journal includes articles about ended or in progress scientific inquiries. The journal publishes reviews of books that have been recently published in the field of education or other disciplines and of international interest.