In Vitro Gentamicin Release from Bioactive BHAG(ELENA) Implant Against Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

Osteomyelitis is a bone-related infectious desease which is difficult to treat, because the antibiotic reaches the target is lower than the MIC and bacteria can’t be eradicated. This condition can cause the bacteria become resistant. To solve this problem, we can use local antibiotics as BHAG(ELENA) pellets implant, which can release gentamicin (GEN) continuously for more than a day with a concentration greater than MIC. BHAG(ELENA) pellet that have made contain BHA : GEL = 20 : 2 (dry state); GEN 10% and cross-linking with glutaraldehyde (GA) 0,5%, cylindrical weigh 100 mg; 4 mm in diameter and 3.2 mm thick. The release of GEN from BHAG(ELENA) pellet were tested in vitro, by soaking the pellet in phosphate buffer saline pH 7.4 at temperature 370C. The sample were sampled every day until 28 days. Then, the sample were tested by agar diffusion method that contain Staphylococcus aureus. Results showed that inhibition zone diameter greater than MIC GEN to S. aureus. Within 28 days, the release of GEN provide a total activity 99,24%, it showed that after 28 days, the pellets are still actively inhibit the bacterial growth. Furthermore, required to be tested in animal study (in vivo) with a defect in the femoral bone then filled with BHAG(ELENA) pellets as drug delivery system of GEN and bone fillers. Keywords: agar diffusion method, Bovine Hydroxyapatite (BHA), gelatin (GEL), gentamicin (GEN), glutaraldehyde (GA) and drug delivery system (DDS).