Increasing the biodegradability of rocket fuel polluted groundwater by means of chemical oxidation processes

J. Reinik, J. Kallas
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Abstract

Highly toxic residues of rocket fuel have been detected in the groundwater of an abandoned military missile base in north-west Estonia. The growth of indigenous rocket fuel- degrading bacteria in the polluted groundwater is strongly inhibited by a high concentration of pollutants in the groundwater. Two chemical oxidation processes, ozonation and catalytic wet oxidation (CWO), were studied for the treatment of such groundwater. The ozonation experiments were carried out in a wetted-wall column and the CWO experiments were conducted in an autoclave in the presence of granulated activated carbon. The ozone-water contact column operated at laboratory temperature whilst in CWO the operational variables ranged as follows: temperature from 413 to 446 K, oxygen pressure from 0.4 to 1 MPa. Both processes degraded the primary rocket fuel pollutant (dimethylanilines) and increased biodegradability. The solution remaining after ozonation and CWO contained mainly organic acids. Despite the formation of refractory compounds, the residual water can be treated in bioprocesses without complications b ecause organic acids are easily biodegradable.
利用化学氧化法提高火箭燃料污染地下水的生物可降解性
在爱沙尼亚西北部一个废弃的军事导弹基地的地下水中发现了剧毒的火箭燃料残留物。地下水中高浓度的污染物强烈抑制了原生火箭燃料降解细菌在污染地下水中的生长。研究了臭氧氧化法和催化湿氧化法两种化学氧化法处理该类地下水。臭氧化实验在湿壁柱上进行,CWO实验在颗粒活性炭存在的高压灭菌器中进行。臭氧-水接触柱在实验室温度下工作,而在CWO中,操作变量为:温度为413至446 K,氧气压力为0.4至1 MPa。这两种方法都能降解主要的火箭燃料污染物(二甲苯胺),并提高生物可降解性。臭氧氧化和氧化后的剩余溶液主要含有机酸。尽管会形成难降解化合物,但由于有机酸易于生物降解,因此剩余水可以在生物过程中处理而不会产生并发症。
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