Statuettes of pregnant sows from Knidos. New light on the cult of Demeter

IF 0.6 3区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY
Linda Talatas
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Four marble statuettes of pregnant swine were found in the sanctuary of Demeter at Knidos over 160 years ago, but have been largely overlooked in previous research, even though the connection between pigs and Demeter has long caught the attention of scholars, especially in relation to the piglets required for the celebration of her Eleusinian Mysteries. The statuettes raise several questions. Why make sculptures of pregnant sows? Who dedicated those offerings, and in what context? Are they related to the sacrifice of pregnant sows? And ultimately, why pregnant sows for Demeter? The article starts with a presentation of the four marble sows from the sanctuary of Demeter at Knidos, followed by a more general examination of the archaeological evidence for pig, piglet, and pregnant sow representations at Greek sanctuaries. I will then explore the epigraphical evidence for pregnant sow sacrifices, all of which is in connection with the cult of Demeter, and contextualize it with other sacrifices of pigs and piglets. I will complete this study with a brief overview of the zooarchaeological evidence for the sacrifice of pregnant sows. The collected evidence will be used to better understand the use of pregnant sows and their religious significance in the cult of Demeter.
来自Knidos的怀孕母猪雕像。对得墨忒耳的崇拜有了新的认识
160多年前,在克尼多斯的德墨忒尔神庙中发现了四座怀孕猪的大理石雕像,但在之前的研究中,它们在很大程度上被忽视了,尽管猪和德墨忒尔之间的联系长期以来一直引起学者们的注意,尤其是与庆祝她的伊莱乌西尼奥秘所需的小猪有关。这些小雕像引发了几个问题。为什么要制作怀孕母猪的雕塑?谁奉献了这些祭品,在什么背景下?这和献孕母猪有关系吗?最后,为什么得墨忒耳要怀孕的母猪?本文首先介绍了克尼多斯德墨忒耳神庙的四头大理石母猪,然后对希腊神庙中猪、小猪和怀孕母猪代表的考古证据进行了更全面的研究。然后,我将探索怀孕母猪祭祀的碑文证据,所有这些都与德墨忒耳的崇拜有关,并将其与其他猪和仔猪的祭祀联系起来。我将以对牺牲怀孕母猪的动物考古学证据的简要概述来完成这项研究。收集到的证据将用于更好地理解怀孕母猪的用途及其在德墨忒耳崇拜中的宗教意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.80
自引率
66.70%
发文量
14
期刊介绍: Opuscula is published yearly by the Swedish Institutes at Athens and Rome. First issued in 2008 (no. 1), Opuscula replaces the annuals Opuscula Atheniensia and Opuscula Romana published by the Swedish Institute at Athens and the Swedish Institute in Rome respectively. The annual contains articles within classical archaeology, ancient history, art, architecture and philology, as well as book reviews within these subjects. Reports of fieldwork carried out under the supervision of the Institutes at Athens and Rome are regularly reported on in the Opuscula. The annual welcomes contributions pertaining to the ancient Mediterranean world (prehistory to Late Antiquity) and the Classical tradition and drawing on archaeological, historical and philological studies; also, contributions dealing with later periods in the areas, especially in the fields of art, architecture, history and cultural heritage.
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