Identifying the selection criteria for evolving high-yielding rapeseed genotypes (Brassica napus L.) for water stress conditions

S. Rao
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Abstract

Water scarcity is one of the main constraints for the cultivation of many field crops, including rapeseed. Water-stress resistant in rapeseed cultivars is an efficient and productive approach to face the challenge of water shortage. Therefore, the current study regarding correlation analysis was carried out under water stress in order to identify the yield enhancing characters, which are evolving in high yielding rapeseed genotypes under water stress conditions. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with factorial arrangements having twenty rapeseed genotypes at Botanical Garden, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam during the growing season of 2019-20. For the estimation of correlation, two treatments were used, such as, well-watered (WW) with four normal irrigations at several growth stages and water stress (WS) with only two irrigations, imposing at silique formation stage. The values of mean squares of genotypes, treatments and genotype × treatment interactions were differed significantly ( P ≤0.05) for many studied traits, signifying that breeding materials used in the present research has worth to be used in future rapeseed improvement programs. Most of the investigated characters exhibited positive and significant ( P ≤0.05) correlations with seed yield plant -1 under well-watered and water stress conditions, such as, plant height (WW= 0.60 ** ; WS= 0.61 ** ), branches plant -1 (WW= 0.51 ** ; WS= 0.46 ** ), silique plant -1 (WW= 0.49 ** ; WS= 0.33 ** ), seeds silique -1 (WW= 0.74 ** ; WS= 0.71 ** ), silique length (WW= 0.86 ** ; WS= 0.88 ** ), seed yield silique -1 (WW= 0.77 ** ; WS= 0.80 ** ), seed index (WW= 0.85 ** ; WS= 0.86 ** ), relative water content (WW= 0.60 ** ; WS= 0.61 ** ), chlorophyll (WW= 0.77 ** ; WS= 0.81 ** ) and oil content (WW= 0.51 ** ; WS= 0.55 ** ). Besides that, scientists and farmers can be used such characteristics as selection criteria to develop high-yielding rapeseed varieties water stress tolerant condition.
确定水分胁迫条件下高产油菜基因型进化的选择标准
水资源短缺是包括油菜籽在内的许多大田作物种植的主要制约因素之一。油菜品种的抗旱性是应对水资源短缺挑战的有效途径。因此,本研究对高产油菜籽基因型在水分胁迫条件下的增产性状进行了相关分析,以确定高产油菜籽基因型在水分胁迫条件下不断进化的增产性状。试验于2019- 2020年生长季在信德省农业大学坦多贾姆植物园以20个基因型油菜籽为研究对象,采用随机完全区组设计和因子安排。为了估计相关性,我们采用了两个处理,即在几个生育期进行4次正常灌溉的丰水处理(WW)和仅在单株形成期进行2次水胁迫处理(WS)。基因型、处理和基因型×处理互作的均方根值差异显著(P≤0.05),表明本研究使用的选育材料在今后的油菜籽改良项目中具有一定的应用价值。在水分充足和水分胁迫条件下,大部分性状与种子产量呈显著正相关(P≤0.05),如株高(WW= 0.60 **;WS= 0.61 **),分支植物-1 (WW= 0.51 **;WS= 0.46 **),硅油植物-1 (WW= 0.49 **;WS= 0.33 **),种子硅质-1 (WW= 0.74 **;WS= 0.71 **),硅片长度(WW= 0.86 **;WS= 0.88 **),籽粒产量为-1 (WW= 0.77 **;WS= 0.80 **),种子指数(WW= 0.85 **;WS= 0.86 **),相对含水量(WW= 0.60 **;WS= 0.61 **),叶绿素(WW= 0.77 **;WS= 0.81 **)、含油量(WW= 0.51 **;Ws = 0.55 **)。此外,科学家和农民可以利用这些特性作为选育标准,培育耐水分胁迫的高产油菜籽品种。
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